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Avaliação dos parâmetros nutricionais e metabólicos de borregas alimentadas com leveduras na ração
MG: média geral; CV: coeficiente de variação; VR*: valor de referência para ovinos segundo Silva et al. (2020).
Não houve diferença estatística entre os tratamen- tos
para proteínas totais e albumina, que mantiveram seus
valores
dentro do esperado (Silva et al., 2020). Ambos metabólitos
demonstram, o estado nutricional proteico, sendo
considerados os indicadores mais sensíveis para determina-
lo, já que valores baixos indicam inadequado consumo
proteico (Oliveira et al., 2014).
Os valores de creatinina ficaram abaixo da faixa
normal de acordo com Silva et al. (2020) e não houve
diferença estatística entre tratamentos, o que pode ter sido
causado devido ao fato dos animais estarem confi- nados, o
que resulta em baixo consumo de energia pelo músculo, uma
vez que a creatinina tem estreita relação com a massa
muscular que varia de acordo com grau de exercício
realizado pelos animais.
A ureia não apresentou diferença estatística para o
presente experimento (P>0,05). Parte da proteína que
chega ao
rúmen é transformada em amônia, para que possa ser
utilizada pela microbiota ruminal na produção
de proteína
microbiana. Quando há falta de carboidratos
na dieta para a
completa utilização desta amônia, ela é absorvida pela
parede ruminal e levada ao fígado onde é transformada em
ureia com alto gasto energético. Essa
ureia pode ser eliminada
na urina, retornar ao rúmen via
saliva ou difusão na parede
ruminal e ser eliminada no
leite em caso de animal em
lactação (Kaneko et al., 2008).
Deste modo, é possível que
tenha havido uma melhora do sinergismo com o
concentrado que era fornecido em
maior quantidade na dieta
(relação concentrado:volumo-
so, 70:30). Com isso há maior
passagem de nitrogênio, diminuindo a quantidade de
nitrogênio livre no rúmen que escaparia e seria metabolizada
em ureia no fígado.
Pôde-se observar que todos os metabólitos e
enzimas hepáticas ficaram dentro dos valores indicados
como ideais na literatura. Demonstrando que as dietas
utilizadas foram eficientes em manter os metabólitos em
níveis adequados, mantendo os animais livres de sobrecarga
hepática e renal. Tal fato ocorreu devido ao
sinergismo entre
as enzimas e leveduras, que contribuíram
para uma adequada
nutrição dos animais, mantendo o organismo dos mesmos
sem alterações significativas.
A inclusão de leveduras vivas ou inativadas na
dieta para borregas não influencia na digestibilidade da
dieta,
no consumo de matéria seca dos animais e também
não altera o
perfil metabólico dos mesmos, podendo ser utilizadas em
dietas com elevada proporção de grãos e mix de enzimas
exógenas.
O ácido úrico representa de forma indireta cres-
cimento de microrganismos no rúmen uma vez que é
utilizado pelos microrganismos ruminais, após a transfor-
mação em amônia, como fator de crescimento microbiano,
sendo utilizado para a síntese de proteína microbiana,
tornando-se assim disponível para o ruminante (Paula,
2015). No presente estudo, foi possível observar que os
valores se mostraram equilibrados, não apresentando
diferença estatística entre tratamentos.
Aprovação do Comitê de Ética
O protocolo experimental deste trabalho foi apro-
vado pela Comissão de Ética na Utilização de Animais
(CEUA) da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia sob o
número 092/17.
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