Trabalho & Educação | v.29 | n.1 | p.183-185 | jan-abr | 2020
Nesta dissertação buscou-se jogar luz à atividade do empreendedor e para isso foi
adotado o método história de vida como caminho metodológico. A história de vida de Tux
evidencia que suas narrativas são influenciadas pela ideologia do empreendedorismo.
Entretanto, ao contar sua história, emergiram os conflitos, debates de normas, usos de
si por si e pelos outros, contradições entre os valores mercantis e valores do bem comum,
o que afeta seus processos decisórios. Demonstrou-se como a história de vida pode ser
utilizada como um dispositivo ergológico no que tange a convocar o trabalhador para
produzir conhecimentos sobre sua atividade. A história de vida de Tux também
representa as histórias de vida de muitos outros empreendedores brasileiros, que lutam
para manter as suas empresas em funcionamento mesmo perante um cenário
desfavorável.
Palavras-chave: Empreendedorismo. Ergologia. História de Vida. Crítica. Ideologia.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this dissertation was to understand, from the ergological perspective,
what the life history of an entrepreneur has to reveal about the entrepreneurship. The field
of studies of entrepreneurship had as historical landmark the 1970s, when political,
economic, social and technological changes caused the phenomenon to gain notoriety,
becoming the object of management studies. It was possible to reflect on the alignment
of administrative theories with the interests of capital, from the classical school of
Administration to the flexible production model. Currently, the debate is around the idea
of entrepreneurship, self management. This historical recovery gives indications that
entrepreneurship is a depository ideology of neoliberal rationality, which tries to hide the
conflicts between capital and labor. This can be confirmed by its heyday at a time of
globalization and increased competition, which has resulted in mass layoffs in companies
that have failed to keep up with the new competitive landscape. Thus, stimulating
discourses of entrepreneurship emerged as a way to achieve success in an attempt to
camouflage the unemployment crisis. These discourses influence the decision-making
processes of the subjects by being guided by councils, imperatives and norms of conduct
that function as a system of domination and cause individuals to assume behaviors
compatible with neoliberal values. By adopting the ergological approach to see
entrepreneurship as an ideology, we see an imbalance between the poles of the tripolar
system (political, market and activity), since both the state and the individual are guided
by market values. In this dissertation it was tried to throw light on the activity of the
entrepreneur and for this was adopted the method of life history as a methodological path.
Tux's life story evidences that his narratives are influenced by the ideology of
entrepreneurship. However, in telling his story, conflicts, rule debates, self-uses and for
others, contradictions between mercantile values and values of the common good
emerged, which affect their decision-making processes. It has been demonstrated how
the life history can be used as an ergological device in what concerns to summon the
worker to produce knowledge about their activity. Tux's life story also represents the life