costureira em ofício. Com base nessa aproximação preliminar do objeto de estudo
definiu-se categorizações de análise, realizou-se um estudo de caso com duas
costureiras com o objetivo de acompanhar e observar o trabalho de perto, para conhecer
como cada indivíduo, único que carrega consigo suas histórias, realiza a atividade.
Foram, escolhidas mulheres que exerciam o ofício de costureira em casa, os dados
foram coletados por meio de observação e entrevista semiestruturada. Os achados da
pesquisa apontaram que o ofício de costureira se inscreve categorização dispostas na
divisão sexual do trabalho e relações sociais de sexo, atingindo outras camadas de
análise sintetizada no conceito de consubstancialidade que trata da indissociabilidade
entre gênero e classe e raça. Quanto ao agir em competência constatou-se que a
costureira se posiciona diante das infidelidades do meio e discrepâncias de normas
existentes, ela faz uso de si por meio dos debates de normas com seus saberes e
valores, ou seja, a partir do momento que a sua história se infiltra na situação de trabalho
a atividade emerge.
Palavras-chave: Abordagem Ergológica do Trabalho. Relações Sociais de Sexo.
Divisão sexual do trabalho. Costureiras. Cadeia têxtil.
ABSTRACT
There have been many feminist achievements in recent years – which have taken place
in different sectors, including the world of work – but even today, women seek a
reorganization of the roles until now assigned to them in society. Within this reality, the
research proposes to answer the question: to what extent the knowledge constituted by
women in the scope of reproductive work, is mobilized in productive work relations,
pointing out aspects of the dynamics between them, through the analysis of the
competences evidenced in work situations. The theoretical orientation that based the
reflections and analyzes presented here has two main axes, the ergological approach to
work and the perspective of social relations of sex. Positioning oneself in a research
through the ergological approach meant understanding work as a mix of technical
knowledge with human action, in a relationship full of singularities in the face of the
demands of the work world. On the other hand, materialist and feminist sociology, based
on the sexual division of labor and social relations of sex, have brought abundant
contributions to the analysis of work in its collective and individual dimension, and the
passage from the individual to the collective has meanings according to sex/ gender. The
methodology used was based on the historical materialist method, in terms of techniques
and tools used in the research, initially procedures and techniques related to exploratory
research were carried out, including literature review and preliminary study. The
preliminary study was carried out in a sewing/cutting course and through observation and
interview with a seamstress at work. Based on this preliminary approach to the object of
study, categorizations of analysis were defined, a case study was carried out with two
seamstresses with the objective of monitoring and observing the work closely, to know
how each individual, the only one who carries his stories, performs the activity. Women
who worked as seamstresses at home were chosen, data were collected through
observation and semi-structured interview. The research findings showed that the
seamstress trade is inscribed in the categorization arranged in the sexual division of labor
and social sex relations, reaching other layers of analysis synthesized in the concept of
consubstantiality that deals with the inseparability between gender and class and race.
As for acting in competence, it was found that the seamstress takes a stand in the face of
the infidelities of the environment and discrepancies of existing norms, she makes use of