MAGMATISMO E TECTÔNICA DO ORÓGENO ARAÇUAÍ NO EXTREMO LESTE DE MINAS E NORTE DO ESPIRITO SANTO (18°-19°S, 41°-40°30’W)1

Abstract

This paper focuses on magmatic episodes and their relations to the main regional deformation in thebackarc region of the Araçuaí Orogen (southeastern Brazil). The main tectonic event took placeduring the syncollisional stage (ca. 585-560 Ma) and imprinted the regional, solid-state foliation (Sn)in most rocks of this orogen. In the mapped region (18°-19°S, 41°-40°30’W), the older unit (NovaVenécia Complex) occurs in small areas and consists of migmatitic, sillimanite-garnet-cordieritebiotiteparagneisses with minor calcsilicate intercalations. The widespread garnet-biotite granites(Carlos Chagas, Montanha and Ataléia suites) are correlated to the syncollisional, S-type, G2 supersuite(ca. 585-560 Ma) of the Araçuaí Orogen, because they persistently record Sn, usually associated tostriking mylonitic features. However, we also correlate some massifs of undeformed garnet-biotitegranite to the Carlos Chagas Suite. Outwards from such undeformed pods, this Sn-free, garnet-biotitegranite progressively shows solid-state deformation features superimposed on its igneous fabric, andgives place to the mylonitized granite typical of the Carlos Chagas Suite. In fact, both the undeformedand mylonitized granites of the Carlos Chagas Suite yielded similar magmatic crystallization ages (ca.585-575 Ma; zircon, U-Pb SHRIMP). These G2 suites often show restites and xenoliths of paragneissand calcsilicate rock, and gradational contacts with migmatitic inliers, suggesting a genesis related toanatexis of the Nova Venécia Complex. The usually small, irregular-shaped bodies and veins composedof garnet-cordierite leucogranites, free of Sn, belong to the post-collisional, S-type, G3 suite (ca.540-530 Ma, in the focused region). Most G3 bodies are enveloped by and contain restites of foliatedG2 granites, representing autochthonous to parautochthonous partial melts from the Carlos Chagas,Montanha and Ataléia suites. Sn-free granites and pegmatites, representing post-Sn partial meltsfrom the Nova Venécia paragneisses, also can be correlated to the G3 suite. Very large to relativelysmall intrusions composed of biotite granite, charnockite and/or norite, free of Sn, represent the lastmagmatic episode of the Araçuaí Orogen, in the focused region. These intrusions (Aimorés Suite)belong to the post-collisional, I-type, G5 supersuite (ca. 520-490 Ma). Such a succession of magmaticepisodes suggests that this middle crust sector of the Araçuaí Orogen remained hot (T > 650 °C) fora long time interval (ca. 100 Ma), from ca. 585 Ma to the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary. Thisrequires a long-lasting release of orogenic heat that could be explained by a combination of threesources: i) heat input by convective asthenosphe under the backarc region from the precollisional tothe syncollisional stages; ii) release of radiogenic heat from the crustal pile thickened by thrusts; andiii) ascent of mantle magmas and partial melting of the deep crust during the extensional collapse ofthe Araçuaí Orogen.