EFFECTS OF CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM SILICATE RESIDUAL STAINLESS STEEL INDUSTRY, LIMESTONE AND PHOSPHORUS APPLICATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRACHIARÃO PLANTS (Brachiaria brizantha)

Abstract

O trabalho foi desenvolvido no campo experimental da Univale em Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais. Os blocos experimentais foram de 4,0 m x 4,0 m e os tratamentos: controle, fósforo, Silicato de cálcio e magnésio, Calcário, Silicato de cálcio e magnésio + calcário, Silicato de cálcio e magnésio + fósforo, Calcário + fósforo e de Silicato de cálcio e magnésio + calcário + fósforo. Logo foi distribuído as sementes de Brachiarão (Brachiaria brizantha). Todos os tratamentos foram fertilizados com Nitrogênio e Potássio. Depois de distribuir as sementes, estas foram incorporadas. As plantas foram colheitas após 75 dias de plantadas. Para estudos quantitativos das partes verdes e secas, as plantas foram colhidas a 10 centímetros da superfície do solo. Na avaliação do peso verde, o melhor resultado obtido foi com o tratamento de Silicato de cálcio e magnésio + calcário + fósforo. O tratamento com a plena aplicação do calcário não beneficiou o desenvolvimento das plantas, apresentando valores de produção próximos ao tratamento controle. Os tratamentos com o silicato de cálcio e magnésio apresentou uma produção 21% superior para os tratamentos sem silicato de cálcio e magnésio. Nos tratamentos com e sem calcário, essa diferença foi de 10% e para o fósforo de 9%. Na decomposição dos fatores, os tratamentos com silicato de cálcio e magnésio apresentaram produtividade 17% superior para o sem silicato de cálcio e magnésio. Para o tratamento com o calcário esta variação foi de 12% e para o fósforo 17%. Estes resultados demonstram que os nutrientes minerais dos fertilizantes, corretivos devem atuar conjuntamente no solo, tornando difícil e de pouco ação, quando aplicados de forma individualizada.

Palavras Chave: Brachiaria brizantha, Silicato, Calcário.

ABSTRACT: The work was developed in the experimental field of Univale in Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais state. The experimental portions were of 4,0 m x 4,0 m and the used treatments were: control, phosphorus (112,5kg/ha), calcium and magnesium silicate (1875kg/ha), Limestone (1875kg/ha), calcium and magnesium silicate + limestone (937,5kg+937,5kg/ha), calcium and magnesium silicate + phosphorus (1875kg+112,5kg/ha), limestone + phosphorus (1875kg+112,5kg) and calcium and magnesium silicate + limestone + phosphorus (937,5kg+937,5kg+112,5kg/ha). All the treatments were fertilized with nitrogen and potassium. Soon was distributing the seeds of brachiarão (Brachiaria brizantha). After to share the seeds were slightly incorporate with the hoe. The plants were to grow in area of 0,5m2 with harvest 75 days after plant of seeds. For studies quantitative of height green and height dry the plants they was picked to 10 centimeters the soil surface. In the evaluation of the green height, the best result was obtained with the treatment calcium and magnesium silicate + limestone + phosphorus followed by the treatment calcium and magnesium silicate + limestone and calcium and magnesium silicate + phosphorus. The treatments with the complete application of limestone (1875kg/ha) didn't benefit the development of the plants presenting close production values to the treatment control. In the decomposition of the factors, the treatments that used the calcium and magnesium silicate presented a production 21% upper to the treatments without calcium and magnesium silicate. In the treatments with and without limestone, this difference was of 10% and for phosphorus of 9%. For the dry weight of the plants the results presented few differences in relation to evaluation of the humid weight, with the best result being obtained by the treatment calcium and magnesium silicate + limestone + phosphorus followed by the calcium and magnesium silicate + limestone and calcium and magnesium silicate + phosphorus. The worst results were obtained with complete application of limestone and complete application of calcium and magnesium silicate. In the decomposition of the factors, the treatments with calcium and magnesium silicate presented productivity 17% upper to the without calcium and magnesium silicate. For treatment with the limestone this variation was of 12% and for the phosphorus 17%. These results demonstrate that the fertilizers, correctives and your nutrients minerais to act jointly in the soil, turning difficult and little representative the individualized action of the inputs and that the silicate also possesses important participation in the development of the plants.

Keywords: Brachiaria brizantha, silicate, limestone