Dental care for children in dental clinics faced with the COVID-19 pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7308/aodontol/2020.56.e28Keywords:
Dentists, Child, Coronavirus infections, Pandemics, Containment of biohazardsAbstract
Aim: The present work aims to guide the dentist as regards the new rules for the use of PPEs, biosafety standards, and dental techniques used in pediatric dental care, so that we can safely perform dental procedures before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: After searching several databases (Google, SciELO, Bireme, Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, PubMed), on March 30, 2020, 21 articles related to dental care during the pandemic were selected. The inclusion criteria for the articles was to relate to specific biosafety standards for dental care during the pandemic, especially in children.
Results: Twenty-one articles were included in the work, with seven of these specifically treating pediatric dental care. Dental appointments should be scheduled in a staggered manner, avoiding the meeting of people in the waiting room. The child must be accompanied by only one family member or guardian. Some barriers should be used with children, such as a mask, hat, and glasses. The dentist must wear an N95 mask and face shield, in addition to the other PPEs. Before attending, 1% hydrogen peroxide mouthwash must be used by the child. Operative techniques (ART, application of silver diamine fluoride and Hall technique), which generate less aerosols, should be given priority. If the use of low and high speed is necessary, they must be with an anti-reflective system and sterilized for each patient. An interval of 1 to 2 hours must be given between patients, allowing for the ventilation of the room, a reduction in aerosols, and the disinfection of the entire clinical environment.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has become an occupational hazard for dentists, children, and guardians. To avoid contagion and transmission of the disease, dentists must train themselves through secure information and comply with the suggested biosafety rules.
Downloads
References
Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde. Folha informativa – COVID-19 (doença causada pelo novo coronavírus) [base de dados na Internet]. Brasília (DF): OPAS [acesso em 2020 Mar].
Shereen MA, Khan S, Kazmi A, Bashir N, Siddique R. COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses. J Adv Res. 2020;24:91-8.
Ciotti M, Angeletti S, Minieri M, Giovannetti M, Benvenuto D, Pascarella S, et al. COVID-19 outbreak: an overview. Karger. 2020:1-9.
Sanarmed. Coronavírus (COVID-19): origem, sinais, sintomas, achados, tratamento e mais [homepage na Internet]. Sanarmed; 2020- [acesso em 2020 Abr].
Peng X, Xu X, Li Y, Cheng L, Zhou X, Ren B. Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice. Int J Oral Sci. 2020;12:1-6.
Ge Z, Yang L, Xia J, Fu X, Zhang Y. Possible aerosol transmission of COVID-19 and special precautions in dentistry. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2020;21:361–8.
G1. Mortes por coronavírus no Brasil [homepage na Internet]. Rio de Janeiro (RJ): Globo S/A; c2000-2020 [acesso em 2020 Jun].
Ministério da Saúde. Sobre a doença [homepage na Internet]. Brasília (DF): MS [acesso em 2020 Maio].
Carlotti APCP, Carvalho WB, Johnston C, Rodriguez IS, Delgado AF. COVID-19 diagnostic and management protocol for pediatric patients. Clinics. 2020:75.
Safadi MAP. The intriguing features of COVID-19 in children and its impact on the pandemic. J Pediatr. 2020;96(3):265-8.
Sandhaus H, Crosby D, Sharma A, Gregory SR. Association between COVID-19 and kawasaki disease: vigilance required from otolaryngologists. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020:194599820930238.
The New York Times. The workers who face the greatest coronavirus risk [homepage na Internet]. New York: NYTCo; c2020- [acesso em 2020 Mar].
Spagnuolo G, De Vito D, Rengo S, Tatullo M. COVID-19 outbreak: an overview on dentistry. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(6).
Ferrazzano GF, Ingenito A, Cantile T. COVID-19 disease in children: what dentists should know and do to prevent viral spread. The Italian Point of View. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(10):3642.
Coulthard, P. Dentistry and coronavirus (COVID-19) – moral decision-making. Br Dent J. 2020;228(7):503-5.
Souza RCC, Costa OS, Costa LR. Precauções e recomendações sobre sedação odontológica durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Rev Bras Odontol. 2020;77:e1788.
Conselho Federal de Odontologia. Ministério da Saúde regulamenta atendimento odontológico no SUS, seguindo entendimento do CFO [homepage na Internet]. Brasília (DF): CFO; c2020- [acesso em 2020 Maio]. Disponível em .
Lee P, Hu Y, Chen P, Huang Y, Hsueh P. Are children less susceptible to COVID-19? J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2020;53(1):191-2.
Franco JB, Camargo AR, Peres MPSM. Cuidados odontológicos na era do COVID-19: recomendações para procedimentos odontológicos e profissionais. Rev Assoc Paul Cir Dent. 2020;74(1):18-21.
Asociación Latinoamericana de Odontopediatría. Ruta de atención para procedimientos de Odontología Pediátrica durante la etapa de confinamiento o cuarentena de la pandemia COVID-19. Rev Odontopediatría Latinoam. 2020;10(2).
Cianetti S, Pagano S, Nardone M, Lombardo G. Model for taking care of patients with early childhood caries during the SARSCov-2 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(11):3751.
Luzzi V, Ierardo G, Bossú M, Polimeni A. COVID-19: Pediatric oral health during and after the pandemics. Preprints. 2020.
Tuñas ITC, Silva ET, Santiago SBS, Maia KD, Silva-Júnior GO. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a preventive approach to ddentistry. Rev Bras Odontol. 2020;77:e1766.
Mallineni SK, Innes NP, Raggio DP, Araujo MP, Robertson MD, Jayaraman J. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): characteristics in children and considerations for dentists providing their care. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2020;30(3):245-50.
Pereira LJ, Pereira CV, Murata RM, Pardi V, Pereira-Dourado SM. Biological and social aspects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) related to oral health. Braz Oral Res. 2020;34.
