The pathophysiology of Hereditary Hemochromatosis and its impact on the oral cavity
an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2178-1990.2025.58825Keywords:
hemochromatosis, hemochromatosis protein, oral manifestationsAbstract
Background: Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HH) is an autosomal recessive disease of the HFE gene, characterized by increased intestinal iron absorption, leading to its slow deposition in several organs, more specifically soft tissues.
Aim: The objective of this work was to gather and analyze the scientific evidence on HH.
Methods: Using the PUBMED database and the CAPES journal portal, iron metabolism, epidemiology, diagnosis, therapy, and systemic and oral clinical manifestations of this disease were discussed.
Results: These manifestations occur mainly from the age of 40, after the excess iron accumulates progressively in different organs, particularly in the liver, heart and pancreas. Oral manifestations occur through hyperpigmented lesions and changes in salivary flow, which can be detected by the Dentist.
Conclusion: HH is a very common genetic condition and its late diagnosis can cause irreversible damage to organs and systems, including in the oral cavity, and it is important that the Dentist is aware of its clinical manifestations, in order to contribute to its diagnosis, which, is often only established after the onset of secondary complications of the disease.
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