Cognição e aprendizagem de L2
o que nos diz a pesquisa nos paradigmas simbólico e conexionista
Abstract
Este artigo apresenta os principais aspectos teóricos de dois paradigmas de investigação da cognição humana – o simbólico e o conexionista – e discute como a pesquisa em cada paradigma tem fomentado os estudos sobre aprendizagem de L2. O paradigma simbólico postula a existência de representações mentais através de regras lógicas e símbolos para explicar a aquisição e a utilização do conhecimento. O paradigma conexionista parte da premissa de que o processamento cognitivo está relacionado à maneira pela qual os neurônios se interconectam no cérebro. A partir dessas duas abordagens, o artigo examina como construtos tais como tipos de conhecimento, tipos de memória, processamento do insumo e atenção são apresentados nas duas teorias e como vêm sendo utilizados na pesquisa em L2.
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