Corpora sob uma perspectiva sociolinguística
Parole chiave:
Sociolinguística, corpora convencionais e não-convencionais, corpora orais, gerenciamento de dados, métodos de anotaçãoAbstract
Neste artigo considero o uso de corpora na pesquisa sociolingüística e, de modo mais geral, a relação entre a linguística de corpus e a sociolinguística. Reflito sobre a distinção entre corpora "convencionais" e "não-convencionais" (BEAL ET AL. 2007 a, b) e avalio o porquê de corpora convencionais não terem atraído mais atenção no campo da sociolinguística. Na sequência, discuto a utilidade potencial de corpora para os estudos sociolingüísticos em termos da trajetória recente que tem sido adotada pela pesquisa nesta área (ECKHERT, em avaliação), reconhecendo que, se por um lado, muitos sociolinguistas têm ampliado o seu uso de técnicas avançadas da linguística de corpus, por outro, muitos estão, ao mesmo tempo, se afastando de estudos relaciados a corpora. Sugiro duas áreas principais nas quais compiladores de corpora, independentemente de serem sociolingüísticos ou não, poderiam enfocar para desenvolverem corpora mais úteis: corpora contendo uma amplitude maior de variedades (faladas)não-padrão e um esquema mais flexível de anotação e tratamento de dados orais.
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