Capacidade de memória de trabalho através de níveis de proficiência oral em L2

Autores

  • Gicele Vergine Vieira Prebianca IFC Autor
  • Kyria Rebeca Finardi UFES
  • Janaina Weissheimer UFRN

Palavras-chave:

capacidade de memória de trabalho, nível de proficiência da fala em L2

Resumo

Este estudo investiga se a capacidade de memória de trabalho (CMT) varia entre idiomas e níveis de proficiência na fala em L2. Seguindo sugestões em Finardi e Weissheimer (2009) e Prebianca (2010) que demonstraram que a CMT varia em função do nível de proficiência da fala em L2, o presente trabalho analisou três níveis de proficiência (elementar, intermediário e avançado) e dois idiomas (L1-português e L2-inglês). Dois testes de MT foram usados, um em L1 e outro em L2, ambos na modalidade oral. Sessenta estudantes adultos de inglês como língua estrangeira participaram no estudo: 19 elementares, 19 intermediários e 22 avançados. Resultados dos testes Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney corroboraram Finardi e Weissheimer (2009) e Prebianca (2010) sugerindo que a CMT medida com um teste de amplitude da fala em L2 parece confundir a relação entre níveis de proficiência oral e CMT.

Downloads

Os dados de download ainda não estão disponíveis.

Biografia do Autor

  • Gicele Vergine Vieira Prebianca, IFC

    Professora Dra. em Letras Inglês pela Universidade Federal de SC. Área de interesse: Produção oral em L2, acesso lexical e memória de trabalho.

    Coordenadora do Grupo de Pesquisa Linguagem, Cognição e Tecnologia, atuando nas seguintes linhas de pesquisa:

    Linhas de Pesquisa:

     

    • Ensino e aprendizagem de línguas mediado por Tecnologia

    • Processamento cognitivo da linguagem

    • Aquisição/aprendizagem de língua estrangeira

    Atualmente é professora do IFC - campus Araquari.


Referências

ANDERSON, J. R. The Architecture of Cognition Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.

BERQUIST, B. Individual Differences in Working Memory Span and L2 Proficiency: Capacity or Processing Efficiency? Paper presented at the American Association for Applied Linguistics, 1998.

CANTOR, J.; ENGLE, R. Working Memory Capacity as Long-Term Memory Activation: An Individual-Differences Approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, v. 19, n. 5, p. 1101-1114, 1993.

COWAN, N. Activation, Attention and Short Term Memory. Memory and Cognition, v. 2, n. 2, p. 162-167, 1993.

CONWAY, A.; ENGLE, R. Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity: More Evidence for a General Capacity Theory. Memory, v. 4, p. 577-590, 1996.

DANEMAN, M. Working Memory as a Predictor of Verbal Fluency. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, v. 20, p. 445-464, 1991.

DANEMAN, M.; GREEN, I. Individual Differences in Comprehending and Producing Words in Context. Journal of Memory and Language, v. 25, p. 1-18, 1986.

DANEMAN, M.; CARPENTER, P. Individual Differences in Working Memory and Reading. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour, v. 19, p. 450-466, 1980.

DANEMAN, M.; TARDIF, T. Working Memory and Reading Skill Re Examined. In: COLTHEART, M. (Ed.). Attention and Performance 12: The Psychology of Reading. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1987. p. 491-508.

DEKEYSER, R. Practice in a Second Language: Perspectives from Applied Linguistics and Cognitive Psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge, 2007.

ENGLE, R. Working Memory Capacity as Executive Attention. Current Directions in Psychological Science, v. 11, p. 19-23, 2002.

FELDMAN-BARRETT, L.; TUGADE M. M.; ENGLE, R. W. Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity and Dual-Process Theories of the Mind. Psychological Bulletin, v. 130, n. 4, p. 553-573, 2004.

FINARDI, K. Working Memory Capacity in Second Language Learning 1. ed. Saarbrucken: Lambert Academic Publishing AG & Co.KG, 2010.

FINARDI, K.; PREBIANCA, G. Working Memory Capacity and Speech Production in L2: Evidence from a Picture Description Task. Revista de Estudos da Linguagem, v. 14, p. 231-260, 2006.

FINARDI, K.; WEISSHEIMER, J. On the Relationship Between Working Memory Capacity and L2 Speech Development. Signótica, v. 20, p. 367-391, 2009.

FINARDI, K.; MOTA, M. The Acquisition of a Syntactic Structure in L2 Speech: The Role of Working Memory Capacity. RLA. Revista de Linguística Teórica y Aplicada (Impressa), v. 50, p. 119-138, 2012.

FORTKAMP, M.B.M. Working Memory Capacity and Fluent L2 Speech Production. (Master's thesis) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 1995. Unpublished.

FORTKAMP, M. B. M. Working Memory Capacity and Elements of L2 Speech Production. Communication and cognition, v. 32, p. 259-295, 1999.

FORTKAMP, M. B. M. Working Memory Capacity and L2 Speech Production: An Exploratory Study. Doctoral dissertation - Department of English. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 2000.

FORTKAMP, M. B. M. Aspectos cognitivos da aprendizagem de LE: entendendo a memória de trabalho. In: ALVARES, K.A.D.S.M.L.O. Perspectivas de investigação em Linguística Aplicada: estudos em homenagem ao Professor Dr. José Carlos Paes de Almeida Filho, v. 2. Campinas: Pontes Editores. 2008. p. 267-284.

HAMBRICK, D. Z.; ENGLE, R.W. Effects of Domain Knowledge, Working Memory Capacity, and Age on Cognitive Performance: An Investigation of the Knowledge-Is-Power Hypothesis. Cognitive Psychology, v. 44, p. 339-387, 2002.

HARRINGTON, M. Working Memory Capacity as a Constraint on L2 Development. In: HARRIS, R. J. (Ed.). Cognitive Processing in Bilinguals Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1992.

HARRINGTON, M.; SAWYER, M. L2 Working Memory Capacity and L2 Reading Skills. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, v. 14, n. 1, p. 25-38, 1992.

JUFFS, M.; HARRINGTON, M. Aspects of Working Memory in Second Language Learning and Teaching. Language Teaching, v. 44, p. 137-166, 2011.

JUST, M.; CARPENTER, P. A Capacity Theory of Comprehension: Individual Differences in Working Memory. Psychological Review, v. 98, p. 122-149, 1992.

KANE, M. J.; CONWAY, A. R. A.; ENGLE, R. W. What Do Working-Memory Tests Really Measure? Behavioral and Brain Science, v. 22, n. 1, 1999.

KANE, M. J., BLECKLEY, K. M., CONWAY, A. R. A.; ENGLE, R. W. A Controlled-Attention View of Working-Memory Capacity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, v. 130, p. 169-183, 2001.

LEVELT, W. Speaking: From Intention to Articulation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 1989.

MCLAUGHLIN, B. Theories of Second-Language Learning London: Edward Arnold Publishers Ltd., 1987.

MCLAUGHLIN, B.; HEREDIA, R. Information-Processing Approaches to Research on Second Language Acquisition and Use. In: RITCHIE, B.W. (Ed.). Handbook of Second Language Acquisition San Diego: Academic Press, 1996. p. 213-228.

MIYAKE, A.; FRIEDMAN, N. F. Individual Differences in Second Language Proficiency: Working Memory as Language Aptitude. In: HEALY, A.F.; BOURNE, L.E. (Eds.). Foreign Language Learning: Psycholinguistic Studies on Training and Retention. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 1998. p. 339-364.

PREBIANCA, G. Working Memory Capacity, Lexical Access and Proficiency Level In L2 Speech Production: An Exploratory Study. (Unpublished research paper). Department of English. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis. 2007.

PREBIANCA, G. Working Memory Capacity and Foreign Language Speech Production: A Look at Lexical Access Processes and Level of Proficiency. 1. ed. Saarbrücken: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing AG & Co. KG, 2010.

SHAH, O.; MIYAKE, A. Models of Working Memory: An Introduction. In: MIYAKE, A.; SHAH, P. (Eds.). Models of Working Memory: Mechanisms of Active Maintenance and Executive Control. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1999. p. 1-27.

TURNER, N.; ENGLE, R. Is Working Memory Capacity Task-Dependent? Journal of Memory and Language, v. 28, p. 127-154, 1989.

UNSWORTH, N.; ENGLE, R.W. Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity and Retrieval: A Cue-Dependent Search Approach. In: NAIRNE, J. S. (Ed.). The Foundation of Remembering: Essays in Honor of Henry L. Roediger, III. New York: Psychology Press, 2007. p. 241-258.

UNSWORTH, N.; REDICK, T. S.; HEITZ, R. P.; BROADWAY, J. M.; ENGLE, R. W. Complex Working Memory Span Tasks and Higher-Order Cognition: A Latent-Variable Analysis of the Relationship Between Processing and Storage. Memory, v. 17, n. 6, p. 635-654, 2009.

VAN DEN NOORT, M. W. M. L.; BOSCH, M. P. C.; HUGDAHL, K. Foreign Language Proficiency and Working Memory Capacity. European Psychologist, v. 11, n. 4, p. 289-296, 2006.

WEISSHEIMER, J. Working Memory Capacity and the Development of L2 Speech Production. (Doctoral dissertation) - Department of English. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis. 2007.

WEISSHEIMER, J.; MOTA, M. Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity and the Development of L2 Speech Production. Issues in Applied Linguistics, v. 17, p. 34-52, 2009.

WEISSHEIMER, J. The Role of Working Memory Capacity in the Development of L2 Speech Production. Ilha do Desterro (UFSC), v. 60, p. 75-104, 2011.

WEISSHEIMER, J.; MOTA, M. Working Memory Capacity and Lexical Density in L2 Speech Production. Organon (UFRGS), v. 51, p. 267-290, 2011.

WEN, Z. Working Memory and Second Language Learning. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, v. 22, n. 1, p. 1-22, 2012.

XHAFAJ, D. Pause Distribution and Working Memory Capacity in L2 Speech Production. 2006. (Master's thesis) - Department of English. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis.

Downloads

Publicado

01-08-2014