Head and neck malignant tumors in childhood
narrative literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2178-1990.2023.47940Keywords:
Neoplasms, Child, AdolescentAbstract
Aim: To verify the clinicohistopathological characteristics of the most common malignant tumors in the head and neck region in children and adolescents, as well as their respective treatments and prognosis.
Methods: This was a narrative literature review. The platforms Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), and PubMed were used, through the cross-referencing of DeCS/MeSH descriptors with Boolean operators, in addition to secondary free search. After all refinement steps, a total of 34 articles were included.
Results: Despite malignant tumors being relatively rare in the pediatric population, they represent a high mortality rate in childhood in Brazil. The most common types of cancer in the head and neck are: mucoepidermoid carcinoma, acinar cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and osteosarcoma, as well rhabdomyosarcoma and acinar cell carcinoma. The parotid gland is the most affected by gland tumors in childhood. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common cancer of muscle cells in children and adolescents, and SCC is less common neoplasm in this population, which can be aggressive and have an unfavorable prognosis, as well as osteosarcoma. The treatment is multimodal due to the behavioral differences of these neoplasms.
Conclusion: Despite head and neck cancer being a rare condition in the pediatric population, knowledge about the clinical and histopathological characteristics can facilitate immediate diagnosis and early treatment.
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