Effectiveness of a non-invasive treatment protocol for incipient enamel carious lesions in a child population: a retrospective study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7308/aodontol/2020.56.e25Keywords:
Dental caries, Fluorine, Pediatric dentistryAbstract
Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a non-invasive treatment on the arrest of non-cavitated caries lesions of primary and permanent teeth performed at the Pediatric Clinic (PC) at the Dental Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (DT-UFRGS), identifying the patient’s clinical factors and associating them with the clinical success of the treatment.
Methods: This study included 55 patient’s medical records who received oral hygiene instructions, diet control, and topical fluoride applications (TFA) at the PC of DT-UFRGS between 2016 and 2018. Demographic and clinical data regarding the evaluation of caries activity in the initial visit and after the performed treatment were collected: visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), and DMF-T caries index (average number of decayed, missing, and restored permanent teeth), and/or dmf-t (average number of decayed, extracted or with recommendation for extraction, and restored deciduous teeth). Pearson’s Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact, and Wilcoxon tests were used for statistical analysis, significance level: p < 0.05.
Results: No significant difference was observed when the variables of age, gender, VPI, CBI, DMF-T/dmf-t were compared with treatment success. A statistically significant difference was found when comparing the initial with the final VPI (p = 0.016), as well as the number of initial and final active non-cavitated carious lesions (p < 0.001), but no difference was identified for the initial and final GBI (p = 0.324).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of VPI reduction and reduction in the number of active non-cavitated carious lesions upon completion of treatment, it is suggested that the non-invasive treatment for arrestment of non-cavitated carious lesions applied at the PC of DT-UFRGS is effective.
References
Fejerskov O, Kidd E. Cárie dentária: a doença e seu tratamento clínico. 2.ed. São Paulo, SP: Santos; 2011.
Lopes LM, Vazquez FL, Pereira AC, Romão DA. Indicadores e fatores de risco da cárie dentária em crianças no Brasil – uma revisão de literatura. RFO UPF. 2014;19(2):245-51.
Santos-Pinto LAM, Noronha JC, Walter LRF. Risco e atividade de cárie. Manual de referência para procedimentos clínicos em odontopediatria. São Paulo: Santos; 2009.
Murray JJ, Breckon JA, Reynolds PJ, Tabari ED, Nunn JH. The effect of residence and social class on dental caries experience in 15-16-year-old children living in three towns (natural fluoride, adjusted fluoride and low fluoride) in the north east of England. Br Dent J. 1991;171(10):319-22.
Petry P, Toassi R. Motivação no controle do biofilme dental e sangramento gengival em escolares. Rev Saude Publica. 2002;36(5):634-7.
Vanobbergen J, Martens L, Lesaffre E, Bogaerts K, Declerck D. Assessing risk indicators for dental caries in the primary dentition. Com Dent Oral Epi. 2001;29(6):424-34.
Nacao M, Chuan LP, Rodrigues CRMD. Análise dos hábitos de dieta em crianças por meio da utilização de diários alimentares. Rev Odontol Univ Sao Paulo. 1996;10:275-80.
Moynihan P, Kelly S. Effect on caries of restricting sugars intake: systematic review to inform WHO guidelines. J Dent Res. 2014;93(1):8-18.
Sheiham A, James W. Diet and dental caries: the pivotal role of free sugars reemphasized. J Dent Res. 2015;94(10):1341-7.
Delbem ACB, Brighenti FL, Vieira AEM, Cury JA. In vitro comparison of the cariostatic effect between topical application of fluoride gels and fluoride toothpaste. J Appl Oral Sci. 2004;12(2):121-6.
Jardim J, Pagot M, Maltz M. Artificial enamel dental caries treated with different topical fluoride regimes: an in situ study. J Dent. 2008;36(6):396-401.
Ismail AI, Sohn W, Tellez M, Amaya A, Sen A, Hasson H, et al. The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS): an integrated system for measuring dental caries. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2007;35(3):170-8.
Nyvad B, Machiulskiene V, Baelum V. Reliability of a new caries diagnostic system differentiating between active and inactive caries lesions. Caries Res. 1999;33(4):252-60.
Sarti CS, Vizzotto MB, Filgueiras LV, Bonifácio CC, Rodrigues JA. Two-year split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial on the progression of proximal carious lesions on primary molars after resin infiltration. Pediatr Dent. 2020;42(2):110-5.
Ainamo J, Bay I. Problems and proposals for recording gingivitis and plaque. Int Dent J. 1975;25(4):229-35.
Bonow M, Azevedo MS, Goettems ML, Rodrigues CRMD. Efficacy of 1.23% APF gel applications on incipient carious lesions: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Braz Oral Res. 2013;27(3):279-85.
Feldens EG, Kramer PF, Feldens CA, Ferreira SH. Distribution of plaque and gingivitis and associated factors in 3- to 5-year-old Brazilian children. J Dent Child. 2006;73(1):4-10.
