A CONSTRUÇÃO E O USO DE SISTEMAS DE CATEGORIAS PARA AVALIAR O ENTENDIMENTO DOS ESTUDANTES
BUILDING AND USING SYSTEMS OF CATEGORIES TO EVALUATE STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21172012140204Palavras-chave:
Metodologia; Ensino de Ciências; Aprendizagem.Resumo
Neste trabalho, expomos três metodologias utilizadas para identificar patamares de entendimento de sujeitos em situações específi cas de pesquisa. Construímos sistemas categóricos para analisar respos tas de estudantes de diferentes séries do Ensino Médio. Três perspec tivas fundamentaram a elaboração: a Teoria de Habilidades Dinâmicas (FISCHER, 1980, 2006), a Taxonomia SOLO (BIGGS e COLLIS, 1982) e a perspectiva docente de avaliação. Duas investigações são relatadas, porém, o foco do trabalho é evidenciar os três métodos de análise qua litativa, explicitando os critérios e os procedimentos realizados para a construção dos sistemas. Acreditamos que discussões metodológicas dessa natureza devam ser realizadas no âmbito das pesquisas educacio nais para que os parâmetros de investigação sejam melhor pensados em termos de elaboração e aplicação.
We report in this paper three methodologies used to identify students' understanding levels when different kinds of research have been made. Systems of categories were built to analyze students' responses; these students were at different grades in High School. Our systems were elaborated under three perspectives: SOLO Taxonomy (BIGGS and COLLIS, 1982), Dynamic Skills Theory (FISCHER, 1980, 2006), and teacher's' views for evaluation. Although we reported two investigations, this paper aims to present three methods of qualitative analysis and to elicit criteria and procedures used to build the systems. We believe this kind of methodological issues must be discussed in educational research for improving methods, techniques and investigation parameters.
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