Spatial analysis of deforestation factors in the Atlantic Forest Biome/Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2237-549X.2023.42662Keywords:
Tropical Forests, Socioeconomic Impacts, Spatial StatisticsAbstract
Deforestation is a phenomenon that generates social, environmental, and economic impacts and endangers the sustainability of natural resources. The Atlantic Forest is one of the most biodiverse and threatened biomes in the world. Despite its enormous importance, the Atlantic Forest is the most deforested region in Brazil since its European colonization. Therefore, given the relevance of identifying the drivers of deforestation in Brazilian biomes, the objective of this paper is to analyze the factors that conditioned deforestation in the Atlantic Forest Biome in Brazil between the years 2010 and 2020. Land use and land cover data and socioeconomic data processed in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment were used, through correlation analysis and Geographic Weighted Regression (GWR). The covariates that presented the highest correlation values were the average number of cattle, area of temporary crops, and agricultural credit, with 0.708, 0.516, and 0.418 respectively. The GWR model presented an adjusted R² of 0.94, confirming the model's capability to explain 94% of the variations in deforestation. The variable ranching was the one that displayed the highest correlation with deforestation. In addition, the area under temporary crops and agricultural credit also had a significant influence on the occurrence of deforestation.
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