FRANCIS BACON AND RENÉ DESCARTES ON THE DOMINION OVER NATURE, SELF-PRESERVATION AND MEDICINE
Keywords:
Francis Bacon, René Descartes, Utility of knowledge, Dominion over nature, Self-preservation, MedicineAbstract
Francis Bacon and René Descartes have traditionally been presented as leaders of opposed philosophical currents. However, more and more studies show important continuities between their philosophies. This article explores one of them: their perspectives on medicine. The dominion over nature and the instinct for self-preservation are the central elements of the theoretical framework within which they inserted their assessments of medicine. Medicine is valued as the most outstanding discipline for its benefits for the care of the human being. Departing from this start-point, one finds further coincidences about the status, practice, and reform of medicine.
Downloads
References
ARIEW, R. "Descartes and the Tree of Knowledge". Synthese, 9, 1992, pp. 101-116.
AUCANTE, V. "La philosophie médicale de Descartes". París: Presses Universitaires de France-PUF, 2006.
BACON, F. (1609). “La sabiduría de los antiguos”. Trad. S. Manzo. Madrid: Tecnos, 2014.
______. (1620). “La gran restauración (Novum organum)”. Trad. M.A. Granada. Madrid: Tecnos, 2011.
______. “Scritti Scientifici”. Trad. B. Gemelli, Intr. S. Manzo. Torino: UTET, 2011.
______. “The Essays or Counsels, Civill and Morall”. Ed. M. Kiernan. The Oxford Francis Bacon, Vol XV. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2000.
______. “The Works of Francis Bacon”. Eds. J. Spedding, R. L. Ellis, and D. D. Heat, 14 vols. London: Longman, 1867-1876.
BITBOL-HESPERIES, A. « Descartes, Harvey et la médecine de la Renaissance ». En: E. Faye (ed.), 1999, pp. 323-347.
BOSS, J. “The medical philosophy of Francis Bacon (1561–1626)”. Medical hypotheses 4, 1978, pp. 208-220.
BOX, I. “Medicine and Medical Imagery in Bacon's ‘Great Instauration’ “. Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques, 16, 1989, pp. 351-365.
CAPS, G. « La conservation de la Santé chez René Descartes (1596-1650): une mise à distance des thérapies somatiques ». Dix-septième siècle, 245, 2009, pp. 735-747.
CASSAN, É. (ed.). « Bacon et Descartes: genèses de la modernité philosophique ». Lyon: ENS, 2014.
CORNEANU, S. “The Nature and Care of the Whole Man: Francis Bacon and Some Late Renaissance Contexts”. Early Science and Medicine, 22, 2017, pp. 130-156.
DES CHENE, D. “Life and health in Cartesian natural philosophy”. En: S. Gaukroger, J. A. Schuster y J. Sutton (eds.), 2000, pp. 723-735.
DESCARTES, R. (1637). “Discurso del método, Dióptirca, Meteoros y Geometría”. Trad. G. Quintás. Madrid: Alfaguara, 1987.
______. (1644). “Principios de la filosofía”. Trad. G. Quintás. Madrid: Alianza, 2002.
______. “Obras escogidas”. Trad. E. de Olaso y T. Zwanck. Buenos Aires: Sudamericana, 1967.
______. “OEuvres completes”. Eds. Charles Adam y Paul Tannery. París: Vrin-CNRS, 1964-1974.
FATTORI, M. (ed.). “Francis Bacon terminologia e fortuna nel xviie secolo: seminario internazionale, Roma, 11-13 marzo 84”. Roma: Edizioni dell’Ateneo, 1984.
______. “La Préface aux Passions de l'Âme: Remarques sur Descartes et Bacon”. Archives de Philosophie, 61, 1998, pp. 1–13.
______. “Prolongatio vitae and Euthanasia in Francis Bacon”. In G. Giglioni, et al. (eds.), 2016, pp. 115-132.
FAYE, E. (ed.). « Descartes et la Renaissance. Actes du colloque international de Tours des 22-24 mars 1996 ». París : Honoré Champion, 1999.
GARBER, D. “Experiment, Community, and the Constitution of Nature in the Seventeenth Century”. Perspectives on Science, 3, 1995, pp. 173-205.
GAUKROGER, S., SCHUSTER, J.A. y SUTTON, J. (eds.) “Descartes' Natural Philosophy". New York and London: Routledge, 2000.
GEMELLI, B. “Formazione e conservazione della vita tra speculazione ed esperimento negli scritti di F. Bacon”. Medicina nei Secoli. Arte e Scienza, 15, 2003, pp. 155-176.
______. “Francis Bacon: un riformatore del sapere tra filosofia e medicina”. Cronos. Cuadernos Valencianos de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia, 7, 2005, pp. 227-275.
______. “Introduzione a Historia vitae et mortis”. En: F. Bacon, Scritti Scientifici, 2011.
GIGLIONI, G., LANCASTER, J., CORNEANU, S. y JALOBEANU, D. (eds.), “Francis Bacon on Motion and Power”. Cham: Springer, 2016.
HAAKONSSEN, K. (ed.). “The Cambridge History of Eighteenth-Century Philosophy”. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
______. “The History of Eighteenth-Century Philosophy: History or Philosophy?”. En: K. Haakonssen (ed.), 2006, pp. 3-25.
HORKHEIMER, M y ADORNO, T.W. (1947). “Dialéctica de la Ilustración. Fragmentos filosóficos”. Trad. e intr. J.J. Sánchez. Madrid: Trotta, 1994.
KUSUKAWA, S. “Bacon’s Classification of Knowledge”. En: M. Peltonen (ed.), 1996, pp. 47-74.
LALANDE, A. « Quelques textes de Bacon et de Descartes». Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale, 3, 1911, pp. 296-311.
MACLEAN, I. “Logic, Signs, and Nature in the Renaissance”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
MANNING, G. “Out on the Limb: The Place of Medicine in Descartes' Philosophy”. Early Science and Medicine, 12, 2007, pp. 214-222.
MANZO, S. “Francis Bacon: la ciencia entre la historia del hombre y la historia de la naturaleza”. Cronos. Cuadernos Valencianos de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia, 7, 2, 2004, pp. 277-346.
______. “Causalidad final y explicación en la Revolución científica”. Anales de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Buenos Aires, Tomo XLII, vol. 2, 2008, pp. 705-719.
______. “Empirismo y filosofía experimental. Las limitaciones del relato estándar de la filosofía moderna a la luz de la historiografía francesa del siglo XIX (J.-M. Degérando)”. Revista Colombiana de Filosofía de la Ciencia, 16, 32, 2016a, pp. 11-35.
______. “The Ethics of Motion: Self-Preservation, Preservation of the Whole, and the ‘Double Nature of the Good’ in Francis Bacon”. En: G. Giglioni et al. (eds.), 2016b, pp. 175-200.
MARX, K. (1867). El Capital. Trad. P. Scaron. Madrid: Akal, 1976.
MILHAUD, G. Descartes savant. París: Alcan, 1921.
MILLS, S. “The Challenging Patient: Descartes and Princess Elisabeth on the Preservation of Health”. Journal of Early Modern Studies, 2, 2013, pp. 101-122.
MINKOWSKI, H. “Einordnung, Wesen und Aufgaben der Heilkunst in dem philosophisch-naturwissenschaftlichen System des Francis Bacon: Zur Kenntnis der Beziehungen zwischen Medizin und Philosophie im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert”. Sudhoffs Archiv für Geschichte der Medizin und der Naturwissenschaften, 3/4, 1934, pp. 299-327.
PELTONEN, M. (ed.). “The Cambridge Companion to Bacon”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
PENDER, S. “Examples and Experience: on the Uncertainty of Medicine”. British Journal for the History of Science, 39, 2006, pp. 1-28.
PEPERZAK, A. “Life, Science, and Wisdom according to Descartes”. History of Philosophy Quarterly, 12, 1995, pp. 133-153.
POUSSEUR, J.-M. “La distinction de la ratio et de la methodus dans le Novum Organum et ses prolongements dans le rationalisme cartésien”. En: M. Fattori (ed.), 1984, pp. 201-222.
REES G., “Introduction”. En: F. Bacon, The Works of Francis Bacon, vol. VI. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996.
RODIS-LEWIS, G. “Descartes. His Life and Thought”. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999.
ROMANO, C. “Les trois médecines de Descartes”. Dix-septième siècle, 217, 2002, pp. 675-696.
STEEVES, G. “Medical Allusions in the Writings of Francis Bacon”. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 6, 1913, pp. 76-96.
SUTTON, J. “The Body and the Brain”. En: S. Gaukroger et al., (eds.), 2000, pp. 697-722.
TOLEDO MARÍN, L. y SILVA, C. “Francis Bacon y las terapias renacentistas del alma”. Diánoia, 65, 2020, pp. 73-107.
VANZO, A. “Empiricism and Rationalism in nineteenth-century Histories of Philosophy”. Journal of the History of Ideas, 77, 2016, pp. 253-282.
WALLACE, K. R. "Francis Bacon on the Nature of Man. The Faculties of Man's Soul: Understanding, Reason, Imagination, Memory, Will, and Apágsetite". Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1967.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Kriterion
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
