v. 3 n. 2 (2022): Dossiê - Desobediências (jul/dez 2022)
Dossiê especial

Fidelidade à verdade: Gandhi e a genealogia da desobediência civil

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  • Alexander Livingston,
  • Bárbara Nascimento de Lima
Alexander Livingston
Cornell University, Ithaca, Estados Unidos da América
Biografia
Bárbara Nascimento de Lima
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
Biografia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53981/(des)troos.v3i2.45479

Publicado 18-04-2023

Palavras-chave

  • Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi,
  • desobediência civil,
  • não-violência,
  • resistência passiva

Como Citar

LIVINGSTON, A.; LIMA, B. N. de. Fidelidade à verdade: Gandhi e a genealogia da desobediência civil. (Des)troços: revista de pensamento radical, Belo Horizonte, v. 3, n. 2, p. 10–35, 2023. DOI: 10.53981/(des)troos.v3i2.45479. Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufmg.br/index.php/revistadestrocos/article/view/45479. Acesso em: 17 jul. 2024.

Copyright (c) 2023 Alexander Livingston; Bárbara Nascimento de Lima

Creative Commons License

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Resumo

Mohandas Gandhi é o criador de mitos mais influente e o teórico mais original da desobediência civil. Como editor de jornal na África do Sul, ele narrou suas experiências com satyagraha traçando paralelos com nobres precedentes históricos, dentre os quais os mais duradouros foram Sócrates e Henry David Thoreau. A genealogia que Gandhi inventou nesses anos se tornou a pedra angular das narrativas liberais contemporâneas de desobediência civil como uma tradição contínua de apelo consciencioso que vai de Sócrates a King e Rawls. Uma consequência dessa canonização contemporânea da narrativa de Gandhi, no entanto, foi obscurecer a crítica radical da violência que originalmente a motivou. Este ensaio se baseia no relato de Edward Said sobre a teoria da viagem para desestabilizar o mito da doutrina que se formou em torno da desobediência civil. Ao colocar a genealogia de Gandhi no contexto de sua crítica da civilização moderna, bem como seu encontro formativo (embora muitas vezes esquecido) com o movimento sufragista feminino britânico, ele reconstrói a noção paradoxal de Gandhi de que a ação política sacrificial é a expressão mais completa do autogoverno. Para Gandhi, Sócrates e Thoreau exemplificam a desobediência civil como uma prática destemida de fidelidade à verdade, profundamente em desacordo com as concepções liberais de desobediência como fidelidade à lei.

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