Vol. 3 Núm. 2 (2022): Dossier - Desobediencias (jul/dic 2022)
Dossier especial

Fidelidad a la verdad: Gandhi y la genealogía de la desobediencia civil

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  • Alexander Livingston,
  • Bárbara Nascimento de Lima
Alexander Livingston
Cornell University, Ithaca, Estados Unidos da América
Biografía
Bárbara Nascimento de Lima
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
Biografía
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53981/(des)troos.v3i2.45479

Publicado 2023-04-18

Palabras clave

  • Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi,
  • desobediência civil,
  • não-violência,
  • resistência passiva

Cómo citar

LIVINGSTON, A.; LIMA, B. N. de. Fidelidad a la verdad: Gandhi y la genealogía de la desobediencia civil. (Des)troços: revista de pensamento radical, Belo Horizonte, v. 3, n. 2, p. 10–35, 2023. DOI: 10.53981/(des)troos.v3i2.45479. Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufmg.br/index.php/revistadestrocos/article/view/45479. Acesso em: 17 jul. 2024.

Derechos de autor 2023 Alexander Livingston; Bárbara Nascimento de Lima

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.

Resumen

Mohandas Gandhi es el creador de mitos más influyente y el teórico más original de la desobediencia civil. Como editor de periódico en Sudáfrica, narró sus experiencias con satyagraha trazando paralelos con nobles precedentes históricos, entre los cuales los más duraderos fueron Sócrates y Henry David Thoreau. La genealogía que Gandhi inventó en esos años se convirtió en la piedra angular de las narrativas liberales contemporáneas de desobediencia civil como una tradición continua de apelación concienzuda que va desde Sócrates hasta King y Rawls. Una consecuencia de esta canonización contemporánea de la narrativa de Gandhi, sin embargo, fue oscurecer la crítica radical de la violencia que originalmente la motivó. Este ensayo se basa en el relato de Edward Said sobre la teoría del viaje para desestabilizar el mito de la doctrina que se formó en torno a la desobediencia civil. Al colocar la genealogía de Gandhi en el contexto de su crítica de la civilización moderna, así como su encuentro formativo (aunque a menudo olvidado) con el movimiento sufragista femenino británico, reconstruye la noción paradójica de Gandhi de que la acción política sacrificial es la expresión más completa del autogobierno. Para Gandhi, Sócrates y Thoreau ejemplifican la desobediencia civil como una práctica intrépida de fidelidad a la verdad, profundamente en desacuerdo con las concepciones liberales de desobediencia como fidelidad a la ley.

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