Associação entre letramento em saúde bucal de pais/cuidadores e cárie dentária em crianças pré-escolares
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2178-1990.2025.61655Palavras-chave:
literacia para a saúde, saúde bucal, cárie dentária, criança, paisResumo
Introdução: O letramento em saúde bucal (LSB) refere-se à capacidade dos indivíduos de obter, processar e compreender informações e serviços básicos de saúde necessários para tomada de decisões adequadas. Pais e cuidadores formam um grupo crítico, pois influenciam tanto a própria saúde quanto a de seus filhos.
Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre o LSB de pais/cuidadores e a experiência de cárie dentária de seus filhos.
Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal com pais/cuidadores e crianças de 2 a 6 anos, atendidas em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES). Foram aplicados o BREALD-30 e um questionário socioeconômico aos pais/cuidadores e realizado um exame clínico bucal das crianças para avaliação da cárie dentária de acordo com o índice ceo-d. A análise estatística incluiu análise descritiva e testes Qui-quadrado, Exato de Fisher, tendência linear e regressão multivariada de Poisson, com um nível de significância de 5%.
Resultados: Participaram 27 pares pais/cuidadores-crianças. A média de idade das mães foi 32,65 anos (±6,61) e dos pais 36,67 anos (±12,37). A classe socioeconômica predominante foi C (48,10%) e 44,40% dos chefes de família tinham ensino médio completo ou superior incompleto. O LSB foi considerado ideal em 85,20% dos pais/cuidadores. As crianças tinham média de 4,33 anos (±0,87), 48,10% do sexo feminino e 51,90% masculino. A média do ceo-d foi 6,41 (±5,17). A prevalência de cárie foi de 74,10%, com igual percentual apresentando ao menos um dente com cárie sem tratamento; 59,30% não tinham dentes obturados. Não houve associação significativa entre LSB e experiência de cárie dentária. Entretanto, a idade da criança (RR: 1,988; IC 95% 1,461-2,702) e o baixo LSB de pais/cuidadores (RR: 1,655; IC 95% 1,162-2,358) associaram-se à maior severidade de cárie.
Conclusão: Não houve associação entre o LSB dos pais/cuidadores e a experiência de cárie dentária de seus filhos. O baixo LSB dos pais/cuidadores foi associado à maior severidade de cárie dentária das crianças.
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