Prevalence and factors associated with gummy smiles in adolescents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2178-1990.2022.37428Keywords:
Estethics dental, Smiling, Orthodontics, AdolescentAbstract
Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with gummy smiles in adolescents aged 15 to 18 years who were attending high school.
Methods: The cross-sectional and quantitateve study was carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic, with 160 adolescents, from two public (A1) and two private (A2) schools chosen by lottery, divided into two groups: G1 (with gingival smile) and G2 (no gummy smile). A clinical examination was carried out on the adolescents, investigating the presence or absence of a gummy smile (GS), by analyzing the variables (interlabial distance at rest, upper incisor exposure at rest, smile arc, measurement from the subnasal to the upper lip philtrum, upper lip length, upper lip thickness, hypermobility, and lower/middle third ratio). Means and dispersion were obtained, and the Chi-square association test was applied, with a statistical significance level of 5%, to compare the results between A1 and A2 and between G1 and G2.
Results: No statistically significant associations were found (p > 0.05) regarding the type of school and gender with the presence of GS in adolescents. There was no statistically significant difference (χ² = 1.82; p = 0.07) between the groups and the age of adolescents. A significant correlation was found between the studied variables and GS (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The prevalence of GS in adolescents aged 15 to 18 years was 33.8%, with a predominance of females. No statistically significant associations were identified regarding the type of school and gender with the presence of GS; however, a significant correlation was found between the GS and the studied variables.
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