Evaluation of oral health condition in patients at risk for endocarditis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2178-1990.2023.42722Keywords:
Endocarditis, bacterial, Oral hygiene, Dental care, Oral healthAbstract
Aim: To assess the oral health status of patients at high risk of developing infective endocarditis treated at a referral hospital in Brazil.
Methods: Secondary data obtained from medical records of patients admitted to the cardiology ward of Hospital Dom Pedro II were used. Data were collected using a standardized form based on the patients’ dental evolution, in which the information obtained in the consultation was contained in the medical record, as well as the oral health information was recorded. After collection, the data were categorized into high and low risk of endocarditis and analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, considering a confidence interval of 95%.
Results: A total of 583 medical records of adults admitted to the cardiology ward from January 2017 to August 2020 were analyzed. Of these, 216 medical records were included in the study sample. The prevalence of infective endocarditis was 11.5% (n =18), and the risk of infective endocarditis was considered high for the majority (n = 196; 93.3%). Oral complaints were reported by 15.1% (n = 30), and oral hygiene was considered deficient for most patients (n = 95; 48.7%). The need for dental treatment was verified in 66.5% of the sample (n = 119).
Conclusion: The oral health status of patients with cardiac conditions predisposing to endocarditis infection is not satisfactory. A considerable portion needs invasive treatment, which increases the risk of bacteremia.
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