Impact of COVID-19 social isolation on periodontal health in maintenance patients
retrospective study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2178-1990.2025.60532Keywords:
maintenance, periodontitis, patient compliance, tooth lossAbstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemics imposed a period of social isolation that led to the suspension of dental appointments, affecting the regularity of periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT) sessions, which are essential for maintaining the stability achieved in the active phase of periodontal treatment.
Aims: This retrospective observational study aimed to assess the impact of the suspension of PMT on the stability of periodontal condition of patients enrolled in this phase of periodontal treatment at the School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais.
Methods: We assessed the potential progression of periodontitis by evaluating probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BoP), clinical attachment level (CAL), tooth loss and the number of residual pockets (≥5 mm). These parameters were assessed in two distinct moments, before (T1) and after (T2) social isolation, to evaluate the long-term impact of the absence of periodontal maintenance therapy. Data from before social isolation were collected from records available, and data from the first appointment after this period were collected by a single trained examiner. Data were registered in an electronic table and the statistical analysis was performed on SPSS, using descriptive measures such as frequencies, mean and median to characterize the sample and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare clinical periodontal variables between T1 and T2.
Results: Twenty-six patients were enrolled in this study. The results of the comparison of the available data indicate a deterioration of the periodontal condition between T1 and T2, shown by the significant difference of BoP (p<0.001), PPD (p=0.021), CAL (p=0.003) and NT (p<0.001) between T1 and T2.
Conclusion: This study concludes that the suspension of PMT sessions during pandemic had a negative impact on periodontal stability of the patients showing the importance of regular visits during the periodontal maintenance therapy to maintain periodontal stability.
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