Prevalence of hepatitis B vaccination of undergraduate students in Odontology from UNIFESO/RJ
Keywords:
Hepatitis B, Infection Control, Occupational risksAbstract
Dental practices may present a potential hazard for the transmission of infectious diseases to both patients and dentists alike. These diseases include viral forms of hepatitis which can cause severe complications, such as cirrhosis of the liver and cancer. In this light, mandatory vaccinations against hepatitis B for undergraduate dental students at UNIFESO-Rio de Janeiro were verified by means of a data collection instrument, with voluntary participation, consisting of a final sample of 180 participants. The data were analyzed statistically using the SPSS program, version 11.01. The results demonstrated that 133 students (73.0%) had already been vaccinated for Hepatitis B with at least one dose, 37 (20.5%) had not been vaccinated, and 10 (5.6%) gave no answer. Concerning the number of doses applied during the vaccination process, 44 students (24.4%) received
one dose, 89 (49.5%) two doses, 37 (20.5%) no dose at all, and 10 (5.6%) gave no answer. No participant registered a complete series of vaccinations. One hundred five students (91.7%) were uninformed as to the need to check for seroconversion after the third dose, given that one sole vaccination does not guarantee immunological protection, thus rendering these individuals susceptible to the occupational risk within dental practices. It could therefore be concluded that there is a need for a wider distribution of information to the students regarding the importance of vaccinations and of the laboratory verification of their efficacy, in an attempt to reduce the occupational risk of being infected by the hepatitis B virus.
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