Relationship between perceived stress and salivary parameters in women under regular stress conditions
Keywords:
Saliva, Salivary amylases, StressAbstract
Aim: To verify the relationship among salivary factors (flow rate, buffer capacity, and alpha- amylase activity) and the perceived stress in women, when under basal conditions of stress.
Materials and Methods: Fourteen volunteers, students from São Leopoldo de Mandic Faculty, Campinas, SP, females, at an average of 31.4 ± 10.0 years of age, were selected. The salivary flow rate (stimulated and non-stimulated), buffer capacity, activity of salivary alpha-amylase, and the perceived stress (Cohen’s questionnaire) were determined. Pearson’s coefficient of correlation (R) was applied among the studied factors (a=0.05).
Results: Mean ± standard deviation of the results were FSE = 1.28 ± 0.39 ml/ min; FSNE = 0.39 ± 0.18 ml/min; CT = 4.45 ± 1.53; AAS = 16,324.82 ± 12,001.26 U/dl, and EP = 25.62 ± 7.09. A positive, statistically significant correlation between FSE and FSNE (R = 0.5932; p = 0.0325) could be observed. No significant correlations between any other variables could be identified.
Conclusion: Under basal conditions of stress, no relationship among salivary flow rate, buffer capacity or alpha-amylase activity, and perceived stress could be observed.
Downloads
References
Fejerskov O, Kidd E. Dental caries: the disease and its clinical management. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2003.
Davies A, Blackeley AGH, Kidd C. Fisiologia Humana. Porto Alegre: Artmed; 2002.
Guggenheimer J, Moore PA. Xerostomia etiology, recognition and treatment. J Am Dent Assoc. 2003; 134:6.
Billings RJ. An epidemiologic perspective of saliva flow rates as indicators of susceptibility to oral disease. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 1993; 4:351-6.
Nauntofte JB, Tenovuo JO, Lagerlöf F. Secretion and composition of saliva. In: Feyerskov O, Kidd E. Dental caries: The disease and its clinical management. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2003.
Navazesh M, Kumar SKS. Measuring salivary flow: challenges and opportunities. J Am Dent Assoc. 2008; 139:35S-40S.
Bosch JA, Brand HS, Ligtenberg TJM, Bermond B, Hoogstraten J, Amerongen AVN. Psychological stress as a determinant of protein levels and salivary-induced aggregation of Streptococcus gordonii in human whole saliva. Psychosom Med. 1996; 58:374-82.
Wolf JM, Nicholls E, Chen E. Chronic stress, salivary cortisol and a-amylase in children with asthma and healthy children. Biol Psychol. 2008;78:20-8.
Scannapieco FA, Torres G, Levine MJ. Salivary alpha-amylase: role in dental plaque and caries formation. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 1993; 4:301- 7.
Bosch JA, de Geus EJ, Veerman EC, Hoogstraten J, Nieuw Amerongen AV. Innate secretory immunity in response to laboratory stressors that evoke distinct patterns of cardiac autonomic activity. Psychosom Med. 2003; 65:245-58.
Luft CDB, Sanches SO, Mazo GZ, Andrade A. Versão brasileira da escala de estresse percebido: tradução e validação para idosos. Rev Saúde Pública. 2007; 4:606-15.
Frostell G. A colourimetric screening test for evaluation of the buffer capacity of saliva. Swed Dent J. 1980; 4:81-6.
Ehlert U, Erni K, Hebisch G, Nater U. Salivary alpha-amylase levels after yohimbine challenge in healthy men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006; 91:5130-3.
Van Stegeren A, Rohleder N, Everaerd W, Wolf OT. Salivary alpha-amylase as marker for adrenergic activity during stress: effect of betablockade. Psychoneuroendocrinol. 2006; 31:137-41.
Rohleder N, Nater UM, Wolf JM, Ehlert U, Kirschbaum C. Psychosocial stress-induced activation of salivary alpha-amylase: an indicator of sympathetic activity? Ann NY Acad Sci. 2004; 1032:258-63.
Rohleder N, Wolf JM, Maldonado EF, Kirschbaum C. The psychosocial stress-induced increase in salivary alpha-amylase is independent of saliva flow rate. Psychophysiol. 2006; 43:645- 52.
Tungtrongchitr R. Flow rate and composition of whole saliva in children from rural and urban Thailand with different caries prevalence and dietary intake. Caries Res. 1997; 31:148-54.
Bardow A, Moe D, Nyvad B, Nauntofte B. The buffer capacity and buffer systems of human whole saliva measured without loss of CO2. Arch Oral Biol. 2000; 45:1-12.
Amenábar JM. Níveis de cortisol salivar, grau de estresse e de ansiedade em indivíduos com Síndrome de Ardência Bucal [tese]. Porto Alegre: Faculdade de Odontologia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; 2006.
Mazariegos MR, Tice LW, Hand AR. Alteration of tight junctional permeability in the rat parotid gland after isoproterenol stimulation. J Cell Biol. 1984; 98:1865-77.
Nater UM, Rohleder N, Schlotz W, Ehlert U, Kirschbaum C. Determinants of the diurnal course of salivary alpha-amylase. Psychoneuroendocrinol. 2007; 32:392-401.
