ESQUEMAS ARGUMENTATIVOS DE WALTON NA ANÁLISE DE ARGUMENTOS DE PROFESSORES DE QUÍMICA EM FORMAÇÃO INICIAL
ANALIZING PRE-SERVICE CHEMESTRY TEACHERS' ARGUMENTS USING WALTON'S ARGUMENTATIVE SCHEMES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21172016180203%20Keywords:
Esquemas argumentativos; Professores de química em formação inicial; Walton.Abstract
Utilizamos os 60 Esquemas Argumentativos de Walton (EAW) para analisar, reconstruir e classificar argumentos de professoras de Química em formação inicial em situação de entrevista sobre dois problemas: i) derretimento de bonecos de neve (SP1); ii) fenômeno da queima de uma vela (SP2). Ambos favorecem a mobilização de argumentos envolvendo uso de conceitos científicos, sendo estes, em SP1, mudanças de estado físico e fenômenos de absorção e reflexão da luz e, em SP2, reações químicas. Cada problema demandava dos sujeitos habilidades distintas para análise de evidências, proposição de justificativas e elaboração de conclusões. Houve predomínio de esquemas relacionados ao raciocínio científico - o que indica que as licenciandas manifestaram tal forma de pensar, algo relevante para situações em sala de aula - e número similar de argumentos nos dois problemas. Percebemos que os tipos de EAW mobilizados pelas licenciandas foram influenciados pela natureza dos problemas e pelos conhecimentos científicos envolvidos nas resoluções.
We used Walton's 60 Argumentative Schemes (WAS) to analyse pre-service chemistry teacher's arguments in an interview about two problems: i) snowmen melting (SP1); and ii) a burning candle (SP2). Both problems favour arguments mobilization involving scientific concepts' use. SP1 favours knowledge related to physical state changes and absorption and reflection of light, while SP2 involves chemical reactions. The problems demanded distinct skills from the pre-service chemistry teachers, regarding the analysis of evidence, proposing justifications and drawing conclusions. We found a predominance of schemes related to scientific reasoning and similar arguments in the two problems - which indicates that teachers had developed such ways of thinking, which may be relevant to classroom situations. We realised that the WAS kinds mobilized by the pre-service teachers are influenced by the nature of the problems and the scientific knowledge involved in the resolutions.
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