Sobre Moralidade, Indivíduo e Consciência em Nietzsche

Abstract

In this article, we discuss some issues that orbit the theme of morality in
Nietzsche; particularly, in the clash that pervades the relationship: individual - herd,
focusing the problem of the transition between bad and good conscience [schlechtes
Gewissen;gutes Gewissen]. We depict the hypothesis about the process of taming the
animal man and the constitution of a good conscience on morals, accentuating the
embezzlement which constitutes, with the notion of sin, Christian morals. Then, we
approach the theme of the exceptional individuals – particularly, thefree spirit – having
as leitmotiv the practices of deception that pervade his constitution in the midst of
morality, and defending it as a reversion of good conscience in the individual in relationship to what is gregarious. In a third moment, we discuss the problem of
consciousness [Bewusstsein; Bewusstheit] in Nietzsche’s thought, re-evaluating their
potential through processes that, understood as “bad conscience”, allow the transition
between distinct states of good conscience, or innocence. In conclusion, we indicate in
what sense nietzschean’s thought does not imply the defense of individualistic ethics,
but, the need to think the individual under two aspects: as a driver of herds and as
someone who exists between and beyond the hegemony of morality.