Características linguísticas da pseudociência: um estudo contrastivo de artigos acadêmicos que apoiam tratamentos controversos contra a COVID-19

Tony  Berber Sardinha; Ana Eliza Pereira Bocorny; Deise Prina Dutra; Maria Claudia Nunes Delfino; Paula Tavares Pinto; Simone Sarmento

Auteurs

Tony Berber Sardinha Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP) | São Paulo | SP | BR https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8815-1521
Ana Eliza Pereira Bocorny Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) | Porto Alegre | RS | BR https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0515-9630
Deise Prina Dutra Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) | Belo Horizonte | MG | BR https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5799-5174
Maria Claudia Nunes Delfino Faculdade de Tecnologia do Estado de São Paulo (FATEC) | Praia Grande | SP BR https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1976-8725
Paula Tavares Pinto Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) | São José do Rio Preto | SP | BR https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9783-2724
Simone Sarmento Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) | Porto Alegre | RS | BR https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1405-3982

Mots-clés :

linguística de Corpus, análise multidimensional, colocação, pseudociência, COVID-19

Résumé

Este estudo visa descrever as características linguísticas de tratamentos médicos promovidos durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Um corpus contendo dois subcorpora foi coletado: o primeiro subcorpus consiste em artigos acadêmicos que recomendam tratamentos não endossados pelas agências reguladoras de saúde; o segundo subcorpus contém artigos que focam em várias questões relacionadas à COVID-19 sem endossar tais tratamentos não recomendados. A metodologia empregou um tipo de Análise Multidimensional Lexical (Berber Sardinha; Fitzsimmons-Doolan, 2025), que consistiu na detecção de deslocamentos de colocação. Foram identificadas cinco dimensões: intervenções médicas vs. impacto psicológico; ética em pesquisa vs. análise comparativa de tratamentos; análise estatística na pseudociência vs. compartilhamento de dados na ciência real; promoção de drogas reaproveitadas vs. avaliação crítica e práticas de ciência aberta; impacto de tratamentos reaproveitados vs. aprovação ética e conformidade reguladora. Essas dimensões capturam os principais recursos comunicativos do fazer científico em torno de tratamentos aprovados e contestados durante a pandemia. O trabalho mostra que embora se confundam, o fazer científico genuíno e o pseudocientífico utilizam linguagem distinta e se apoiam sobre discursos e formações diferentes. Tanto a linguagem quanto os discursos em questão são detalhados no artigo.

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