Digital technologies for self-care in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus
An integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/reme.v28i1.37531Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Digital Technology, Self CareAbstract
Objective: this study aimed to examine the impact of digital technologies on promoting self-care among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Method: an integrative literature review was conducted in November 2021, utilizing the following databases: Medline via PubMed, Lilacs, BDENF, IBECS via the Virtual Health Library, Embase, and Web of Science. Primary studies, specifically randomized clinical trials that investigated the effect of digital technology in promoting self-care among individuals with DM2, were included. The studies could be published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, and there were no restrictions on the year of publication. Results: eight articles met the inclusion criteria. Various digital technologies were examined, each with a different theoretical background. The majority of the studies were conducted in primary care settings. The technologies tested included platforms, apps, programs, and software, with content focused on lifestyle factors such as dietary habits, physical activity, weight control, medication management, emotional well-being, and social support. The results indicated that individuals with DM2 experienced improvements in self-management of healthy food intake, glucose monitoring, medication adherence, body mass index monitoring, and positive changes in diet and weight control. The studies also demonstrated comprehensive outcomes, including a reduction in HbA1c levels and an enhancement in quality of life. Conclusion: the studies reviewed provided a strong theoretical foundation for achieving behavioral and clinical changes, considering the social context of individuals with DM2. Furthermore, these studies highlighted the potential benefits of digital technologies in promoting self-care and improving the quality of life among this population.
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