Autopercepção de saúde bucal negativa em Brasileiros com diabetes
Resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2178-1990.2025.54783Palavras-chave:
diabetes mellitus, autoimagem, saúde bucal, inquéritos epidemiológicosResumo
Introdução: A autopercepção de saúde bucal é um indicador subjetivo que reflete a percepção individual da própria condição de saúde bucal, considerando aspectos funcionais, sociais e culturais. Entre pessoas com diabetes, essa percepção pode ser afetada por complicações associadas à doença, tornando relevante investigar os fatores que influenciam essa autopercepção.
Objetivo: Identificar fatores associados à autopercepção de saúde bucal negativa em brasileiros com diabetes.
Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2019. Foram analisadas características sociodemográficas, hábitos de saúde bucal, estilos de vida e presença de outras Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNTs). Razões de prevalência brutas e ajustadas foram estimadas por meio de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta (α = 0,05).
Resultados: A prevalência de autopercepção negativa foi de 36,99% (IC95%: 34,87%-39,11%). Estiveram associados a esse desfecho: sexo masculino (RP:1,17; IC95%:1,05–1,30), cor não branca (RP:1,17; IC95%:1,02–1,35), renda per capita até um salário-mínimo (RP:1,36; IC95%:1,02–1,81), consumo abusivo de álcool (RP:1,26; IC95%:1,05–1,53) e presença de outras DCNTs (RP:1,34; IC95%:1,14–1,58). Menor prevalência foi observada com escovação dentária duas vezes ao dia (RP:0,74; IC95%:0,67–0,81), o uso de escova, pasta e fio dental (RP:0,76; IC95%:0,66–0,86), consultas odontológicas regulares (RP:0,85; IC95%:0,75–0,96) e atividades físicas regulares (RP:0,82; IC95%:0,70–0,95).
Conclusões: Fatores socioeconômicos, consumo excessivo de álcool e presença de outras DCNTs estão associados à autopercepção de saúde bucal negativa. Manter bons hábitos de higiene bucal, realizar consultas odontológicas regulares e praticar atividades físicas pode melhorar essa percepção.
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