Self-perception of negative oral health in Brazilians with diabetes
Results of the 2019 National Health Survey
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2178-1990.2025.54783Keywords:
diabetes mellitus, self concept, oral health, health surveysAbstract
Introduction: Oral health self-perception is a subjective indicator that reflects an individual’s perception of their own oral health condition, considering functional, social, and cultural aspects. Among people with diabetes, this perception may be affected by disease-related complications, making it relevant to investigate the factors that influence this self-perception.
Objective: To identify factors associated with self-perception of negative oral health in Brazilians with diabetes.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with data from the National Health Survey of 2019. Sociodemographic characteristics, oral health habits, lifestyles and the presence of other Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) were analyzed. Unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using Poisson regression with robust variance (α = 0.05).
Results: The prevalence of negative self-perception was 36.99% (CI95%: 34.87%-39.11%). The following variables were associated with this outcome: male gender (PR:1.17; CI95%:1.05–1.30), non-white color (PR:1.17; CI95%:1.02–1.35), per capita income up to a minimum wage (PR:1.36; CI95%:1.02–1.81), alcohol abuse (PR:1.26; CI95%:1.05–1.53) and the presence of other NCDs (PR:1.34; CI95%:1.14–1.58). Lower prevalence was observed with dental brushing twice a day (PR:0.74; CI95%:0.67–0.81), the use of brush, paste and dental floss (PR:0.76; CI95%:0.66–0.86), regular dental appointments (PR:0.85; CI95%:0.75–0.96) and regular physical activities (PR:0.82; CI95%:0,70–0.95).
Conclusions: Socioeconomic factors, excessive alcohol consumption and the presence of other NCDs are associated with negative self-perception of oral health . Maintaining good oral hygiene habits, performing regular dental appointments and practicing physical activities can improve this perception.
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