Maxillofacial injuries in elderly victims of falls
comparative analysis between the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods of Covid-19 in a public hospital in Belo Horizonte – Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2178-1990.2026.58281Keywords:
accidental falls, aged, maxillofacial injuries, pandemics, coronavirusAbstract
Aim: This cross-sectional study aimed to compare the epidemiological profile of elderly fall victims during the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods of COVID-19.
Methods: Secondary data from medical records of an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery service at a reference public hospital were analyzed for this type of injury. Cases involving elderly individuals with maxillofacial injuries resulting from falls between January 2017 and December 2022 were included. The independent variables were sex, age (60 to 74 years and over 75 years), fall mechanism, types of maxillofacial injury, weekday, time of day, and type of proposed treatment. Descriptive and bivariate statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21.0 (p < 0.05). The sample consisted of 835 individuals.
Results: In the pre-pandemic period, the frequency of falls (51.3%) was higher than during the pandemic period. Falls from standing height were reported in more than 85% of cases. The majority of falls (51.1%) occurred during daytime hours, and 72.8% occurred on weekdays in both periods analyzed. The most prevalent types of trauma were soft tissue injuries (54.9%). Conservative treatment accounted for more than 90% of cases. In the pre-pandemic period, women showed a higher frequency of falls than men (54.4% vs. 46.8%), whereas during the pandemic period, men showed a higher frequency of falls than women (53.2% vs. 45.6%) (p < 0.05). No statistically significant associations were observed among the other variables.
Conclusion: Men experienced more falls during the pandemic period, whereas women predominated in the pre-pandemic period. In most cases, falls occurred from standing height in both periods. A reduction in the number of falls was observed during the pandemic period. Maxillofacial soft tissue injuries and simple fractures were the most prevalent injuries in both the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods. Conservative treatment was the most frequently indicated approach.
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