Impact of the presence of diastema on the self-perception of one’s smile in a sample of adolescents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2178-1990.2022.37628Keywords:
Diastema, Adolescent, Self-assessment, Dental estheticsAbstract
Aim: To verify the prevalence of diastema in adolescents, analyze associated factors, and investigate the impact of this malocclusion on adolescents’ self-perception of their smile.
Methods: The sample consisted of 160 adolescents. This was a cross-sectional and quantitative study carried out in private (A1) and public (A2) schools, from August 2020 to July 2021, in the city of Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil. Initially, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied. The clinical examination was then performed under natural light, in a school environment. Students who presented diastema formed the G1 group, and those who did not, formed the G2 group. In G1 students, the location and measurement of the diastema and possible associated factors were identified and a second questionnaire was applied on the self-assessment of the esthetic smile. Descriptive statistics were performed, obtaining percentages, frequencies, and association analysis using the chi-square test and mean comparisons using the t test.
Results: There was a significant difference in the distribution of adolescents regarding the type of school and presence of diastema, with a higher prevalence in public schools. Regarding gender, no statistically significant difference was found. There was also no association between smiling and the presence of diastema, as most were not ashamed to smile, were satisfied, and thought they had a pleasant smile. Regarding the associated factors, there was a significant distribution with a higher prevalence of “tooth size discrepancy”.
Conclusion: The presence of diastema was predominantly associated with tooth size discrepancy. Most adolescents said they were satisfied with the smile, despite not being pleasant, considering the treatment unnecessary.
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References
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