Cidade transatlântica, parte 1
urbanismo conjuntural
Palavras-chave:
Atlantic City, urbanismo empresarial, financeirização, neoliberalismo, teoria urbanaResumo
Como introdução primeira parte de um artigo de duas partes que explora as transformações contemporâneas na governação metropolitana no despertar das viradas na sequência das viragens empresariais dos anos 1980 e das rodadas vagas subsequentes de neoliberalização e financeirização, defende-se aqui uma abordagem “conjuntural” à análise urbana. Esta pode ser considerada complementar, mas, ao mesmo tempo, distinta, de algumas das abordagens concorrentes ao urbanismo comparativo, enquanto problematiza explicitamente o posicionamento relativo das cidades no contexto de um desenvolvimento desigual e de relações multiescalares, bem como as ligações dialógicas entre estudos de caso, conceitos de nível intermédio e reivindicações teóricas passíveis de revisão. Tomando como ponto de partida a atual crise financeira e política em Atlantic City, a capital dos cassinos de Nova Jersey, o artigo historiciza o conceito de cidade empreendedora, colocando-o no contexto, sucessivamente, da evolução do “senso comum” da governação neoliberal, da emergência do urbanismo de austeridade e da intensificação da reestruturação financeirizada. Ao traçar um arco desde as reivindicações teóricas mais abstratas até às circunstâncias específicas da reestruturação urbana contemporânea nos Estados Unidos, o artigo prepara o terreno para a análise mais granular e concreta da Atlantic City “tardiamente empreendedora” que se seguirá na Parte 2. Enquanto é necessário construir alguma desta encenação, esta primeira parte do artigo reflete sobre algumas das implicações metodológicas de uma abordagem conjuntural aos estudos urbanos.
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