Dialogical psychology
Innovations from the Bakhtian notion of exotopia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/1676-1669.2023.41492Keywords:
dialogical psychology, exotopy, BakhtinAbstract
This article aims at proposing a theoretical relation between Bakhtin’s notion of exotopy and I-positions. The Theory of the Dialogical Self conceives the mind as a dynamic multiplicity of relatively autonomous positions of the self. It is rooted in Michael Bakhtin's dialogical philosophy and William James's theory of the self. Each position of the self, in the mini-society of the mind, has the property of “seeing beyond” of what any other can do. This is because, in time-space, each position of the self can occupy a place that is absolutely unique. Exotopia presupposes the extralocation of these positions of the self, which establishes the viability of dialogical interactions. In this vein, we can promote the construction of meanings. The exotopy leads our ability to respond to another internal or external voice. This spatial condition characterizes every intra or heterodialogical relationship, as well as the possibility of the appearance of novelty of meanings in the self. An empirical case of an adolescent is presented to illustrate the emergence of a new position of the self in the schooling process from the increase in exotopy in the self.
Downloads
References
Bakhtin, M. M. (1990). Author and hero in Aesthetic Activity. In M. Holquist and V. Liapunov (Eds.). Art and Answerability: Early Philosophical Essays by M.M. Bakhtin (pp. 04-256). University of Texas Press. (Original publicado em 1920-1923)
Bakhtin, M. M. (1997). Estética da criação verbal (2a ed.). Martins Fontes.
Bakhtin, M. M. (2013). Problemas da poética de Dostoiévski (5a ed.). Forense Universitária. (Original publicado em 1963)
Fecho, B., Collier, N. D., Friese, E. E. G., & Wilson, A. A. (2010). Critical conversations: tensions and opportunities of the dialogical classroom. English Education, 42(4), 427–447. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2216&context=teal_facpub
Gomes, R. C. (2018). Regulação semiótica no self educacional de adolescentes na transição para o ensino médio profissionalizante: a atuação da exotopia dentre as posições do eu [Tese de doutorado, Universidade Federal da Bahia]. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia. https://pospsi.ufba.br/sites/pospsi.ufba.br/files/ramon_gomes_tese.pdf
Gomes, R., Dazzani, V., & Marsico, G. (2018). The role of responsiveness within the self in transitions to university. Culture & Psychology, 24(1), 49–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354067X17713928
Grupo de Estudos de Gêneros do Discurso. (2009). Palavras e contrapalavras: glossariando conceitos, categorias e noções de Bakhtin (caderno de estudos para iniciantes). Pedro & João Editores.
Hermans, H. J. M. (1996). Voicing the self: From information processing to dialogical interchange. Psychological Bulletin, 119(1), 31–50.
Hermans, H. J. M. (2003). The construction and reconstruction of a dialogical self. Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 16, 89–130. http://dialogicalresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/THE-CONSTRUCTION-AND-RECONSTRUCTION-OF-A-DIALOGICAL-SELF-.pdf
Hermans, H. J. M., Kempen, H. J. G., & Van Loon, R. J. P. (1992). The dialogical self: beyond individualism and rationalism. American Psychologist, 47(1).
Hermans, J. M. (2001). The dialogical self: toward a theory of personal and cultural positioning. Culture & Psychology, 7(3), 243–282. https://edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/4469753/mod_resource/content/1/Culture%20Psychology-2001-Hermans-243-81.pdf
Jovchelovitch, S., & Bauer, M. W. (2012). Entrevista narrativa. Em M.W. Bauer & G. Gaskell (Eds.), Pesquisa qualitativa com texto, imagem e som (Pedrinho A. Guareschi, Trad., pp. 90–113). Vozes.
Lopes de Oliveira, M. C. S. (2013). The Bakhtinian self and beyond: Towards a dialogical phenomenology of the self. Culture & Psychology 19(2) 259–272.
Marsico, G., Tateo, L., Gomes, R. C., & Dazzani, V. (2019). Dialogical Processes and Dialogical Construction of Self. In N. Mercer, R. Wegerif & L. Major (Eds.). The routledge international handbook of research on dialogic education. Routledge.
Menegassi, R. J. (2009). Aspectos da responsividade na interação verbal. Revista Línguas e Letras, 10(18), 147–170. http://e-revista.unioeste.br/index.php/linguaseletras/article/view/2257/1750
Oliveira, M. C. S. L. (2013). The Bakhtinian self and beyond: towards a dialogical phenomenology of the self. Culture & Psychology, 19(2), 259–272.
Peirce, C. Sanders. (1977). Semiótica. (J. T. Coelho Netto, Trad.). Perspectiva. (Original publicado em 1931-1958)
Sobral, A. O. (2008). Ato “responsível”, ou ato ético, em Bakhtin, e a centralidade do agente, SIGNUM: Estud. Ling., 11(1), 219–235. http://www.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/signum/article/view/3092/2625
Souza, M. L., & Gomes, W. B. (2009). Temporalidade e espacialidade na estrutura do self nas abordagens semiótica e dialógica. Psicologia em Estudo, 14(2), 365–373. https://www.scielo.br/pdf/pe/v14n2/v14n2a17.pdf
Valsiner, J. (2012). Fundamentos da psicologia cultural: mundos da mente, mundos da vida. Artmed.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Memorandum: Memory and History in Psychology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The works published in the electronic journal Memorandum: Memory and history in Psychology are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License that allows sharing with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.