Factors associated with infection in groups with clinical risk conditions for complications from COVID-19

Abstract

Objective: to analyze the risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection in groups with clinical risk conditions for the development of complications from the disease. Method: this is a retrospective census study with data from rapid tests for COVID-19 carried out in Fast Track Basic Health Units in Teresina-Piauí, between April 26 and July 15, 2020. Information from 16,449 individuals was analyzed through a standard form and, in case of a positive test, also notification forms for influenza syndrome suspected of having a disease caused by the coronavirus 2019 we analyzed. For statistical analysis, the Statistical Package for Social Science, version 22.0, was used. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal do Piauí. Results: 22.30% of those
investigated had some risk factor for the development of complications by COVID-19. There was a statistically significant association between the test result for COVID-19 and cardiac risk factor (p=0.020), diabetes mellitus (p=0.000), arterial hypertension (p=0.000), smoking (p=0.013), and dyslipidemia (p=0.028). As for the approach adopted because of the positive results for COVID-19,
an association was detected with the variables risk factor (p=0.000), cardiac risk factor (p=0.000), diabetes mellitus (p=0.000), and obesity (p =0.003). Possessing a risk factor, heart problem, diabetes, or obesity was associated with the severity of COVID-19, represented by the conduct of referral to the emergency department. Conclusion: The study provides a comprehensive reference of information
in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the capital of Piauí. It is believed that it will support the development of control actions, especially among those at risk for complications from the disease.