Evaluation of cytopathology findings in women attended at a gynecology nursing service

Abstract

The cytopathology test is used for screening precursory lesions of cervical cancer. A professional nurse collects cytological material and is, therefore, responsible for the quality of the sample and for any collecting factors that can alter the results. The objective of this study is to evaluate cytopathology findings in women attended at gynecology service. It was carried out through a retrospective descriptive documental methodology with a quantitative focus. One hundred and ninety one charts were analyzed according to a structured formulary with objective questions. Data was organized in tables and graphics. Most women (44%) were older than 30 years; 51.6% underwent screening test regularly, 44.4% started having sex at the age of 16-19 years; 20.1% used no contraceptive method and the same percentage had an oral contraceptive method. The most common gynecologic complain was about having a white secretion. Most part of the exams (72.2%) was considered efficient. The diagnosis of squamous metaplasia with inflammation was relevant and Gardnerella vaginalis was the most prevalent etiological agent (28.3%). Cytological changes of unknown significance were found in 3% of the exams. We conclude that the sexual profile described should be considered alarming since there are risk factors for precursory lesions of cervical cancer. The quality of the sample was considered satisfactory and showed to be an extremely important factor for a successful diagnosis and an adequate treatment. Moreover, the screening test has a strategic value to diminish morbid mortality of cervical cancer.