Aracnologias - As tecituras de Penélope
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17851/2317-2096...97-108Palabras clave:
literaturas em língua inglesa, gênero, psicanálise, Literatures in English, gender, psychoanalysis.Resumen
Resumo: Análise da personagem Penélope, de Homero, e a transformação ousada de Joyce dessa representação clássica da fidelidade feminina em Molly Bloom, a esposa infiel, sexualizada, trivial, lírica. Essas duas personagens são comparadas com sua mais recente recriação em The Penelopiad (2005), da escritora canadense Margaret Atwood. Uma importante categoria analítica dos estudos feministas e de gênero, a questão da voz é enfatizada na presente análise; essa personagem feminina é objeto da narrativa masculina (A Odisseia e Ulisses), mas no romance de Atwood essa personagem é sujeito de sua narrativa, elaborando uma tecitura “penelopeana” transgressora da versão clássica. Focalizaremos também o poder do silêncio na narrativa de autoria feminina, através do monólogo interior de Molly e da voz que fala do mundo dos mortos em The Penelopiad. Os conceitos de “abjeto” e “linguagem semiótica” de Kristeva são base para nosso trabalho, o qual problematiza a aparente imagem de passividade dessas mulheres que buscam o controle sobre suas vidas.
Palavras-Chave: literaturas em língua inglesa; gênero; psicanálise.
Abstract: Analysis of Homer’s Penelope and Joyce’s daring transformation of the classical personification of woman’s quintessential loyal wife into the unfaithful, earthly, sexualized, trivial, lyrical, Molly Bloom. These two characters will be compared with a more contemporary recreation: Margaret Atwood’s, in the novel The Penelopiad (2005). An important category for feminist and gender studies, voice/voicelessness is emphasized in our analysis; this female character, is both object of male-authored fiction (The Odyssey and Ulysses), and subject of the (un)weaving of a transgressive Penelopean “textile” (The Penelopiad). We also focus on the empowerment of “silence” in female narrative, through Molly´s interior monologue and Atwood’s Penelope, who speaks from the underworld. Kristeva’s concepts of the “abject” and “semiotic language” inform our analysis, which counters the image of passivity of these apparently mute women, who nevertheless retain control over their lives.
Keywords: Literatures in English; gender; psychoanalysis.
Descargas
Referencias
ATWOOD, M. The Penelopiad. Edingurgh: Canongate, 2005.
AUSTEN, J. (1814). Mansfield Park. 4end ed. London: Colins, 1964.
BRENNAN, T. (Ed.). Between Feminism and Psychoanalysis. London: Routledge, 1989.
CASTELLO BRANCO, L.; BRANDÃO R. S. A mulher escrita. 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Lamparina, 1989.
CIXOUS, H. The Laugh of the Medusa. In: WARHOL, R.; HERNDL, D. Feminisms. News Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1997. p. 347-362.
ELLMAN. R. Ulysses on the Liffey. London: Faber & Faber, 1974.
ELLMAN. R. The Consciousness of Joyce. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1977.
FREUD, S. Femininidade. In: ______. Obras completas de Sigmund Freud – Tomo X. Trad. Odilon Galotti, Isaac Izecksohn e Gladston e Parente. Rio de Janeiro: Delta, [s.d.]. p. 117-141.
GILBERT, S. James Joyce's Ulysses. 4. ed. New York: Vintage Books, 1958.
HARPER, K. J. When Women Were Priests. São Francisco: Harper San Francisco, 1995.
HOMER. The Odyssey. In: The complete works of Homer, New York: The Modern Library.
JOYCE, J. Ulisses. Trad. A. Houaiss. São Paulo: Editora Abril, 1980.
KRISTEVA, J. Women’s time. In: WARHOL, R.; HERND, D. (Ed.). Feminisms. An anthology of literary theory and criticism. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1997. p. 860-79.
KRISTEVA, J. An Essay on Objection.//social.chars.ncsu.edu/wyrick/debclass/krist–fev. 2004.
LEMAIRE, A. Introdução a Lacan. Trad. Durval Chechinato. Rio de Janeiro: Campus Editora, 1979.
LIMA, L. C. História, ficção, literatura. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2006.
MCMULLEN, L. Same old Penelope: Feminist Analysis of Molly’s Soliloquy in Ulysses. Disponível em: www.publications.villanova.edu/Concept/2005. Acesso em: 16 dez. 2007.
MILLER, N. Arachnologies: The Woman, the Text, and the Critic. In: MILLER, N. (Ed.). The Poetics of Gender. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986. p. 270-95.
MOI, T. (Ed.). The Kristeva Reader. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1986.
NYE, E. Teoria feminista e as filosofias do homem. Trad. Nathanael C. Caixeiro. Rio de Janeiro: Rosa dos Tempos, 1988.
PLATE, L. Is Contemporary Women’s Writing Computational? Unraveling Twenty-first Century Creativity with Penelope at her Loom. Contemporary Women’s Writing, v. I, n. 1/2, p. 45-53, December, 2007.
ROISMAN, H. M. Penelope’s Indignation. Transactions of the American Philological Association, v. 117, p. 59-58, 1987.
STONE, Merlin. When God was a Woman. London/New York: Harcurt Inc., 1976.
WOOLF, V. Um teto todo seu. Trad. Vera Ribeiro. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 1985.
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2009 Cristina Stevens (Autor)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Cómo citar
