Nação, raça e identidade em Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral, de Phillis Wheatley
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.17851/2317-2096.28.3.83-102Mots-clés :
Wheatley, vindicação, Iluminismo, Protestantismo, CristianismoRésumé
Este artigo discute alguns poemas da escritora afro-americana Phillis Wheatley, publicados em Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral, no contexto dos debates em pauta no século XVIII acerca da humanidade dos negros. O argumento principal é que, embora sutil em suas observações devido a sua posição social frágil, Wheatley faz uso da poesia para confrontar interpretações racistas de textos bíblicos, bem como de teorias pseudocientíficas que visavam caracterizar o sujeito negro como intelectualmente e culturalmente inferior ao euro-americano. A análise demonstra que Wheatley se posiciona com autoridade diante dessas afirmações, tornando-se assim precursora de movimentos de vindicação da cultura negra que ganhariam proeminência mais tarde em narrativas autobiográficas de escravos, sermões, canções folclóricas e ensaios abolicionistas. As reflexões sobre raça, religião, nação e cidadania que norteiam a análise se baseiam, principalmente, em teorizações desenvolvidas por Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Eddie S. Glaude, Jr. e Joanna Brooks.
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