Colonialism and the Olympic Games the case of Saint Louis-1904 and the 'Anthropological Days'

Main Article Content

Guilherme Freitas

Abstract

In 1904, the American city of Saint Louis hosted the third edition of the Modern Olympic Games. The competition was part of the Universal Exposition program, one of the biggest international events of the time and which celebrated, one year late, the centenary of the purchase of the Louisiana territory by the American government. The Games took place between July and November and were marked by chaos in the organization of sporting events and angered Pierre de Coubertin, then president of the International Olympic Committee. Weeks before the Olympic competitions began, the controversial “Anthropological Days” took place. A type of sporting dispute involving members of populations originate from various parts of the world. The tournament, which mixed Olympic modalities with other activities, sought to prove the racial and intellectual supremacy of white men over other ethnicities, demonstrating how sport was a relevant space for the manifestation of colonialist thought and reflected the social effects of the time.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Section

DOSSIÊ

How to Cite

Colonialism and the Olympic Games: the case of Saint Louis-1904 and the ’Anthropological Days’. FuLiA/UFMG , Belo Horizonte/MG, Brasil, v. 9, n. 3, p. 8–30, 2024. DOI: 10.35699/2526-4494.2024.49697. Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufmg.br/index.php/fulia/article/view/49697. Acesso em: 18 dec. 2024.
Share |

References

ALMEIDA, William Douglas; RUBIO, Katia. Internationalism and the first editions of the Modern Olympics. International Sports Studies, v. 40, n. 2, p. 34-46, 2018.

BROWNELL, Susan. Introduction: bodies before boas, sport before the laughter left. In: BROWNELL, Susan (Ed.). The 1904 Anthropology Days and Olympic Games: Sport, Race, and American Imperialism. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2008, p. 1-58.

CÉSAIRE, Aimé. Discurso sobre o colonialismo. São Paulo: Veneta, 2020.

COUBERTIN, Pierre de. Pierre de Coubertin: Olimpismo – seleção de textos. Porto Alegre: EdiPUCRS, 2015.

DELSAHUT, Fabrice. Los Juegos Antropologicos de Saint-Louis. Revista Brasileira de Ciências do Esporte, Florianópolis, v. 33, n. 4, p. 809-23, 2011.

ÉSTHER, Angelo Brigato. Senhoras e senhores, aproximem-se! Bem-vindos ao maior espetáculo da Terra!, Farol - Revista de Estudos Organizacionais e Sociedade, Belo Horizonte, v. 7, n. 20, p. 978-89, 2020.

FANON, Frantz. Os condenados da terra. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 2022.

FERREIRA JÚNIOR, Neilton. Colonisation Sportive: o laboratório da “simbiose” racismo e esporte moderno. Revista do Centro de Pesquisa e Formação, São Paulo, n. 13, p. 73-98, 2021.

FERREIRA JÚNIOR, Neilton; RUBIO, Katia. Revisitando a “raça” e o racismo no esporte brasileiro: implicações para a Psicologia Social. In: RUBIO, Katia; CAMILO, Juliana A. de Oliveira (Orgs). Psicologia social do esporte. São Pau-lo: Képos, 2019, p. 183-208.

FERRO, Marc. A colonização explicada a todos. São Paulo: Editora Unesp, 2017.

FORSYTH, Janice; WAMSLEY, Kevin B. Symbols without substance: aboriginal peoples and the illusions of Olympic Ceremonies. In: YOUNG, Kevin; WAMSLEY, Kevin B. (Ed.). Global Olympics: historical and sociological studies of the modern games. Oxford: Elsevier, 2005, p. 227-47.

FREITAS, Guilherme Silva Pires de. A aproximação do Movimento Olímpico com os novos tempos: o caso dos fluxos migratórios e a Equipe Olímpica de Refugiados. Olimpianos – Journal of Olympic Studies, São Paulo, n. 6, p. 129-43, 2022.

FUKUZAWA, Hosanna. Olympics for Savages: The Anthropology Days, 2021. Disponível em: https://www.hosannafukuzawa.com/anthropologyday/. Acesso em: 22 dez. 2023.

GIGLIO, Sergio Settani. COI x FIFA: A história política do futebol nos Jogos Olímpicos. Tese (Doutorado), Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, USP, 2013.

GIGLIO, Sergio Settani; RUBIO, Katia. A hegemonia europeia no Comitê Olímpico Internacional. Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte, São Paulo, v. 31, n. 1, p. 291-305, 2017.

HONORATO, Felipe Antonio; PAIVA JÚNIOR, Paulo Cesar de Abreu. Rei branco, morte negra: um olhar sobre a trajetória psicopolítica de Leopoldo II da Bélgica. África(s), Alagoinhas, v. 7, n. 13, p. 244-58, 2020.

INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE. Olympic Games St. Louis 1904: about the game, 2023. Disponível em: https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/st-louis-1904. Acesso em: 23 dez. 2023.

MACMILLAN, Margaret. A Primeira Guerra Mundial... que acabaria com as guerras. São Paulo: Globo Livros, 2014.

OFFICE OF THE HISTORIAN. Message of the President: Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States, with the annual message of the President transmitted to Congress, December 6, 1904. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3TuG0Hn. Acesso em: 23 dez. 2023.

OLIVEIRA, Paulinho. Jogos Políticos da Era Moderna. Fortaleza: Editora do Autor – Versão Ebook, 2020.

O’TOOLE, Sean. The Athletes, 2015. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/47nqUJz. Acesso em: 22 dez. 2023.

PEREZ, Alberto Aragon. Royalty and the Olympic Games: from Ancient Greece to the Present Day. Journal of Olympic History, London, v. 23, n. 2, p. 22-31, 2015.

QUINTILIO, Natália Kohatsu; ZIMMERMANN, Maria Alice; PEREZ, Carlos Rey; MARCONI, Juliana Rodrigues. A formação do atleta e a Educação Olímpica: a busca pelo estado de empoderamento. In: RUBIO, Katia (Org.). Do pós ao neo Olimpismo: esporte e movimento olímpico no século XXI. São Paulo: Képos, 2019, p. 263-82.

RUBIO, Katia. Agenda 20+20 e o fim de um ciclo para o Movimento Olímpico Internacional. Revista USP, São Paulo, n. 108, p. 21-8, 2016.

WAMSLEY, Kevin B.; PFISTER, Gertrud. Olympic Men and Women: the politics of gender in the modern games. In: YOUNG, Kevin; WAMSLEY, Kevin B. (Ed.). Global Olympics: historical and sociological studies of the modern games. Oxford: Elsevier, 2005, p. 103-25.

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.