Preceptoría remota en puericultura
los desafíos de la clínica en el contexto tecnológico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2237-5864.2024.51314Palabras clave:
puericultura, educación médica, telemedicina, educación a distanciaResumen
La pandemia de covid-19 requirió transformaciones rápidas en la educación para la salud, sin el tiempo necesario para su implementación. El principal objetivo de la investigación fue comprender la percepción de los residentes de pediatría sobre la pasantía de puericultura mediada por supervisión remota y sincrónica. La práctica educativa se desarrolló entre septiembre de 2020 y febrero de 2021, con la participación de una preceptora y diez residentes de primer año, cuyo ámbito de práctica fue en un ambulatorio vinculado a un hospital universitario. En cuanto al camino metodológico, el estudio utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, fenomenológico e interpretativo. La recolección de datos se obtuvo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, grabadas en sesiones de videoconferencia. Los datos fueron transcritos y sometidos a análisis temático reflexivo. Los resultados demostraron que se lograron habilidades clínicas, como anamnesis, discusión de casos y autonomía durante el cuidado. El dominio relacionado con el examen físico, sin embargo, no cumplió con las expectativas de los participantes. El estudio puso de relieve la escasez de recursos tecnológicos adecuados y la necesidad de alfabetización digital entre el alumnado y el profesorado. La telemedicina permitió la continuidad de la atención y promoción de la salud ante la pandemia, además de contribuir a la formación profesional. Requiere, sin embargo, del desarrollo de lineamientos institucionales que califiquen la prestación de este servicio, a través de dispositivos técnicos y regulatorios que garanticen la implementación de prácticas seguras y efectivas para estudiantes, preceptores y usuarios.
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