Occupational stress related to the COVID-19 pandemic

The daily life of an emergency care unit

Abstract

Objective: to analyze the daily work of health professionals in an Emergency Care Unit (UPA), with an emphasis on occupational stressors related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: qualitative case study, based on Michel de Certeau's theoretical methodological framework about everyday life, carried out in a UPA size II in the countryside of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data triangulation was performed, with observations, interviews with 31 professionals and document analysis. Data were organized in MAXQDA2020^® and submitted to Bardin's content analysis. Results: the daily life in the UPA was changed by the pandemic and the institution underwent adaptations to attend to suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19, with new operating strategies and redefinition of the assistance map. The occupational stressors identified were lack of clarity in the initial information about the disease, fear of contaminating themselves or family members, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), testing, removal and overload of professionals, risk of lack of medication and stigmatization of professionals of health. On the other hand, availability of PPE, drop in the number of visits, guidance and training were protective factors against stress. In addition, some professionals have adopted tactics to alleviate the stressors arising from the pandemic. Conclusion: the routine of the UPA has changed and the occupational stress related to the pandemic affects health professionals. Mental health protection measures are necessary so that they can face the serious health crisis, with a view to preventing suffering, better quality of life at work and better working conditions and service to users.