Survival analysis for patients with pneumonia associated with invasive mechanical ventilation

Abstract

Objective: to analyze the survival of patients notified with pneumonia associated with invasive mechanical ventilation assisted in an intensive care unit. Method: an analytical, cross-sectional and retrospective study developed at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil. Data collection took place through queries in the Hospital Infection Control Service spreadsheets, with a sample of 36 patients. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and the log rank test to compare the curves. Results: 23 (63.9%) participants were male;
aged 60 years old or more - 20 (55.6%); and maintaining airway by means of an orotracheal tube - 21 (58.3%). The most common microorganism was Acinetobacter baumanni - 11 (30.6%) - and the most used antimicrobial class was that of antifungals - 51 (27.5%). Among the diagnoses, the most prevalent was malignant neoplasm - seven (19.5%). The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the
overall survival rate in the study was 63.9% up to 15 days of follow-up. There was better survival in female patients (69.2%), aged between 19 and 59 years old (68.8%), tracheostomized (73.3%), notified with Pseudomonas aeruginosas (71.4%) and using polymyxin (78.9%). Conclusion: the etiology of pneumonia can exert a direct influence on prognosis worsening and is related to increased mortality and survival rates. It is thus important to reinforce the effective use of protocols aimed at patient safety and at the training of health professionals for this reality.