Impacto da má oclusão e do tratamento ortodôntico com aparelho fixo sobre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal de crianças e adolescentes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7308/aodontol/2019.55.e09Palavras-chave:
Qualidade de vida, Má oclusão, Ortodontia, OdontopediatriaResumo
Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o impacto da má oclusão na QVRSB de crianças e adolescentes que estavam em tratamento ortodôntico com aparelho fixo, e os fatores associados.
Métodos: foi selecionada uma amostra de 161 indivíduos entre 10 e 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, em tratamento na clínica de Especialização em Ortodontia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. As crianças/adolescentes responderam à versão brasileira do Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (Child-OIDP), que é subdividido em 8 domínios que avaliam os impactos que as condições bucais podem ter sobre a execução de atividades diárias; os pais/responsáveis responderam a um formulário socioeconômico; e o pesquisador coletou informações da ficha clínica e dos modelos ortodônticos dos participantes, como tipo de aparelho, má oclusão (Dental Aesthetic Index - DAI), extração de pré-molares por indicação ortodôntica e tempo de tratamento. Foram realizadas análises bivariadas e multivariadas através do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows (SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.).
Resultados: As variáveis que apresentaram um valor de p < 0,20 foram má oclusão/DAI (p = 0,032) e escolaridade dos pais (p = 0,184) e foram incorporados na regressão logística (p < 0,05). No modelo multivariado final, observou-se que indivíduos com má oclusão ausente/leve (DAI ≤ 25) possuíam 2,05 (95%IC = 1,05–4,00) menos chances de apresentar impacto na QVRSB quando comparadas com aqueles com má oclusão mais grave (DAI ≥ 26).
Conclusão: A gravidade da má oclusão foi um importante fator de impacto na QVRSB de indivíduos jovens sob tratamento ortodôntico.
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