Rehabilitation with complete dental prosthesis among edentulous elderly and improvement in the OHIP dimension
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7308/aodontol/2018.54.e05Keywords:
Jaw, edentulous, Aged, Health policy, Health services for the agedAbstract
Aim: To evaluate the impacts resulting from oral disorders before and after rehabilitation with total dental muco-supported prostheses among edentulous elderly patients of Ibiaí, MG in 2012.
Methods: Non-randomized controlled clinical trial with two groups of 36 edentulous elderly patients each, who were interviewed at two moments using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) instrument. Between the interviews, one of the groups was rehabilitated with dental prostheses. The data of the two interviews before and after inter- and intragroups were compared, using statistical tests (intergroups: Chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney U test”; Intragroups: Macnemar Test and the Wilcoxon test), together with the aid of SPSS 17.0.
Results: It was found that before the intervention there were statistically significant differences between the two groups. After the intervention, the rehabilitated group presented a reduction in the consequential impacts of oral disorders in the dimensions of oral health when compared to their data before the rehabilitation or with the group that did not receive rehabilitation. This reduced the impact among the rehabilitated patients in four of the seven dimensions of the OHIP: psychological distress and psychological, physical and social disabilities. The rehabilitation was associated with the reduction of impacts resulting from oral disorders in the majority of the OHIP dimensions. When considering the influence of these factors on the quality of life of the elderly, the prosthetic rehabilitation treatment seems to have a positive influence on the trajectory of the elderly patient’s health.
Conclusion: After rehabilitation, a reduction in consequential impacts of oral disorders was observed. Public policies should be readapted to broaden the access and the prosthetic rehabilitation of the elderly, given that, in most cases, edentulism and the lack of rehabilitation may emphasize the neglect of the oral health of the elderly and the concern with their quality of life.
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