Unicorns and Flying Dragons in Noah's Ark: The Bible Story according to Medieval and Modern European Works of Art
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17851/1982-3053.13.24.193-206Palabras clave:
Noah's Ark, Works of Art, MidrashResumen
The current study analyzes several medieval and modern works of art that portray mythological creatures who entered Noah's ark (Genesis 6:5-9) – flying dragon-like and imaginary creatures as well as unicorns. The artists assumedly chose to portray these animals for several reasons: a) in the ancient world the existence of creatures with unusual and exceptional qualities was a commonly held belief; b) mythological animals aroused the imagination of the ancients and sparked their curiosity.
Descargas
Citas
AELIAN, De natura animalium. A. F. Scholfield (Ed. and trans.). The Loeb Classical Library. London: Heinemann, 1958-1959.
ALLAN, Tony. The Mythic Bestiary: The Illustrated Guide to the World's Most Fantastical Creatures. London: Duncan Baird, 2008.
BABYLONIAN TALMUD. Vilna: Re'em, 1882.
BARBER, Richard (Ed.). Bestiary: Being an English Version of the Bodleian Library. Oxford M.S. Bodley 764, Woodbridge: Boydell, 1999.
BUBER, Solomon. Midrash Aggadah. Vienna: Abraham Fanta, 1894.
BUQUET, Thierry. Preventing ‘Monkey Business’: Fettered Apes in the Middle Ages. Medieval Animal Data Network (blog on Hypotheses.org), June, 23th, 2013 [Online] http://mad.hypotheses.org/37.
CAMPBELL, Thomas P. Tapestry in the Renaissance: Art and Magnificence. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2002.
CTESIAS. On India and Fragments of His Minor Works (Introduction, translation and commentary by Andrew Nichols). London: Bloomsbury, 2011.
DAYAN, Elisheva. Fauna in the Bible: Traditions of Identification of Animals in the Bible, v. 1: Mammals. Avnie Hefetz: The Author Press, 2017.
DELL, Christopher. Monsters: A Bestiary of the Bizarre. London: Thames & Hudson, 2010.
DOR, Menachem. Animals in Biblical, Mishnah and Talmudic Periods. Tel Aviv: Grafor-Deftel, 1997.
FISHER, Jonathan. Scripture Animals: A Natural History of the Living Creatures Named in the Bible. Portland, Maine: William Hyde 1834, reprint The Pyne Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 1972.
GREEN, Nile. Ostrich Eggs and Peacock Feathers: Sacred Objects as Cultural Exchange between Christianity and Islam. Al-Masaq, 18[1] (2006), p. 27–66.
HAMILTON, John. Unicorns and Other Magical Creatures. Edina, Minnesota: ABDO Publishing Company, 2010.
ISIDORE OF SEVILLE. The Etymologies of Isidore of Seville. S. A. Barney, W. J. Lewis, J. A. Beach and O. Berghof (Trans.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
JANSON, Horst Waldemar. Apes and Ape Lore in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. The Warburg Institute. London: University of London, 1952.
KELLY, Kathleen Coyne. Animal Exotic, in, Trade, Travel, and Exploration in the Middle Ages (Ed.). John Block Friedman, Kristen Mossler. New York and London: Routledge, 2000.
LAUFER, Berthold. The Giraffe in History and Art. Anthropology Leaflet, n. 27. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1928.
RINGMAR, Erik. Audience for a Giraffe: European Expansionism and the Quest for the Exotic. Journal of World History, 17 [4] (2006), p. 375-397.
ROBINSON, Philip. Dragons on Noah’s Ark. Creation, 39[1] (2017), p. 14-15.
ROSE, Carol. Giants, Monsters, and Dragons: An Encyclopedia of Folklore, Legend, and Myth. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2001.
SAX, Boria. The Mythical Zoo: An Encyclopedia of Animals in World Myth, Legend, and Literature. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2001.
SHEMESH, Abraham Ofir. 'Ostrich is a Fowl for any Matter': The ostrich as a 'strange' fowl in Jewish literature. HTS Teologiese Studies-Theological Studies, 74[1] (2018) (online: https://hts.org.za/index.php/hts/article/view/4938/11316).
SOUTH, Malcolm. Mythical and Fabulous Creatures: A source Book and Research Guide. New York: Bedrick, 1988.
STRABO, Geography. Translated by Horace Leonard Jones. The Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1989.
THE AUTHORIZED KING JAMES VERSION (KJV), 1611.
THE SEPTUAGINT BIBLE: The oldest version of the Old Testament. English translation by C. Thomson. Indian Hills, Colorado: Falcon’s Wing Press, 1954.
THEODOR, Julius, and ALBECK, Ḥanoch. Genesis Rababh. Berlin: Itzkowski, 1903.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2019 Arquivo Maaravi: Revista Digital de Estudos Judaicos da UFMG
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Os direitos autorais pertencem exclusivamente aos autores. Os direitos de licenciamento utilizados pelo periódico é a licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0): são permitidos o compartilhamento (cópia e distribuição do material em qualquer meio ou formato) e adaptação (remix, transformação e criação de material a partir do conteúdo assim licenciado para quaisquer fins, inclusive comerciais.