Unicorns and Flying Dragons in Noah's Ark: The Bible Story according to Medieval and Modern European Works of Art
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17851/1982-3053.13.24.193-206Palabras clave:
Noah's Ark, Works of Art, MidrashResumen
The current study analyzes several medieval and modern works of art that portray mythological creatures who entered Noah's ark (Genesis 6:5-9) – flying dragon-like and imaginary creatures as well as unicorns. The artists assumedly chose to portray these animals for several reasons: a) in the ancient world the existence of creatures with unusual and exceptional qualities was a commonly held belief; b) mythological animals aroused the imagination of the ancients and sparked their curiosity.
Descargas
Citas
AELIAN, De natura animalium. A. F. Scholfield (Ed. and trans.). The Loeb Classical Library. London: Heinemann, 1958-1959.
ALLAN, Tony. The Mythic Bestiary: The Illustrated Guide to the World's Most Fantastical Creatures. London: Duncan Baird, 2008.
BABYLONIAN TALMUD. Vilna: Re'em, 1882.
BARBER, Richard (Ed.). Bestiary: Being an English Version of the Bodleian Library. Oxford M.S. Bodley 764, Woodbridge: Boydell, 1999.
BUBER, Solomon. Midrash Aggadah. Vienna: Abraham Fanta, 1894.
BUQUET, Thierry. Preventing ‘Monkey Business’: Fettered Apes in the Middle Ages. Medieval Animal Data Network (blog on Hypotheses.org), June, 23th, 2013 [Online] http://mad.hypotheses.org/37.
CAMPBELL, Thomas P. Tapestry in the Renaissance: Art and Magnificence. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2002.
CTESIAS. On India and Fragments of His Minor Works (Introduction, translation and commentary by Andrew Nichols). London: Bloomsbury, 2011.
DAYAN, Elisheva. Fauna in the Bible: Traditions of Identification of Animals in the Bible, v. 1: Mammals. Avnie Hefetz: The Author Press, 2017.
DELL, Christopher. Monsters: A Bestiary of the Bizarre. London: Thames & Hudson, 2010.
DOR, Menachem. Animals in Biblical, Mishnah and Talmudic Periods. Tel Aviv: Grafor-Deftel, 1997.
FISHER, Jonathan. Scripture Animals: A Natural History of the Living Creatures Named in the Bible. Portland, Maine: William Hyde 1834, reprint The Pyne Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 1972.
GREEN, Nile. Ostrich Eggs and Peacock Feathers: Sacred Objects as Cultural Exchange between Christianity and Islam. Al-Masaq, 18[1] (2006), p. 27–66.
HAMILTON, John. Unicorns and Other Magical Creatures. Edina, Minnesota: ABDO Publishing Company, 2010.
ISIDORE OF SEVILLE. The Etymologies of Isidore of Seville. S. A. Barney, W. J. Lewis, J. A. Beach and O. Berghof (Trans.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
JANSON, Horst Waldemar. Apes and Ape Lore in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. The Warburg Institute. London: University of London, 1952.
KELLY, Kathleen Coyne. Animal Exotic, in, Trade, Travel, and Exploration in the Middle Ages (Ed.). John Block Friedman, Kristen Mossler. New York and London: Routledge, 2000.
LAUFER, Berthold. The Giraffe in History and Art. Anthropology Leaflet, n. 27. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1928.
RINGMAR, Erik. Audience for a Giraffe: European Expansionism and the Quest for the Exotic. Journal of World History, 17 [4] (2006), p. 375-397.
ROBINSON, Philip. Dragons on Noah’s Ark. Creation, 39[1] (2017), p. 14-15.
ROSE, Carol. Giants, Monsters, and Dragons: An Encyclopedia of Folklore, Legend, and Myth. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2001.
SAX, Boria. The Mythical Zoo: An Encyclopedia of Animals in World Myth, Legend, and Literature. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2001.
SHEMESH, Abraham Ofir. 'Ostrich is a Fowl for any Matter': The ostrich as a 'strange' fowl in Jewish literature. HTS Teologiese Studies-Theological Studies, 74[1] (2018) (online: https://hts.org.za/index.php/hts/article/view/4938/11316).
SOUTH, Malcolm. Mythical and Fabulous Creatures: A source Book and Research Guide. New York: Bedrick, 1988.
STRABO, Geography. Translated by Horace Leonard Jones. The Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1989.
THE AUTHORIZED KING JAMES VERSION (KJV), 1611.
THE SEPTUAGINT BIBLE: The oldest version of the Old Testament. English translation by C. Thomson. Indian Hills, Colorado: Falcon’s Wing Press, 1954.
THEODOR, Julius, and ALBECK, Ḥanoch. Genesis Rababh. Berlin: Itzkowski, 1903.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2019 Arquivo Maaravi: Revista Digital de Estudos Judaicos da UFMG
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Os direitos autorais pertencem exclusivamente aos autores. Os direitos de licenciamento utilizados pelo periódico é a licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0): são permitidos o compartilhamento (cópia e distribuição do material em qualquer meio ou formato) e adaptação (remix, transformação e criação de material a partir do conteúdo assim licenciado para quaisquer fins, inclusive comerciais.
