Timbre de un instrumento musical
caracterización y representación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2317-6377.2006.55252Palabras clave:
timbre de instrumentos musicales, espacio tímbrico, classificação de timbres, acústica musicalResumen
La representación del timbre de un instrumento musical implica problemas de gran complejidad. A pesar de la conocida correlación entre el timbre y el contenido espectral del sonido, mapear las características espectrales de los diversos tipos de sonidos producidos por un instrumento y utilizarlos de manera semánticamente relevante requiere una metodología específica de análisis de datos. Este trabajo presenta un enfoque para este problema a través del mapeo de las curvas de variación temporal de las amplitudes de los componentes armónicos, extraídos mediante la Transformada Discreta de Fourier, utilizando técnicas de Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA). Las bases ortogonales definidas por la PCA permitieron una gran reducción de datos y la creación de subespacios timbrísticos capaces de representar los sonidos del instrumento en varias alturas y niveles de intensidad. Las técnicas de clasificación de datos permitieron un análisis semántico de estos espacios timbrísticos, facilitando la clasificación de grupos de timbres similares en este espacio y ratificando la PCA como una forma eficiente de representar la dinámica de los timbres de instrumentos musicales.
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