Artificial Intelligence and Law

Abstract

Language, despite using the same terms, does not necessarily convey the same meaning. Words are merely signs (symbols) that refer to meaning, images, or concepts. Although intelligence is the same sign in artificial intelligence and natural intelligence, the emotionality with which the term is charged in the former produces ambiguity in the meaning of the word. Artificial intelligence and natural intelligence are not the same thing, and perhaps the former is not endowed with the intelligence that the latter possesses. Artificial intelligence deals with the plurality of facts and effects, but not with the universality of reality as conceived by thought, and it lacks another characteristic of thought, namely freedom, which is, first and foremost, not being determined by the senses. Artificial intelligence is always determined empirically, that is, it is on the plane of the senses and not on the plane of thought, despite the discourse—on the plane of rhetoric, therefore of language—in the sense of identifying it with natural intelligence. And this is done without even knowing in advance what intelligence is, which inevitably leads to confusion of concepts and amphibology. This confusion of concepts is inexorably reflected in the sphere of law, which has increasingly made use of these cybernetic instruments. Therefore, philosophical reflection on the subject is necessary in order to bring rigor and precision to the terms, making ideas clear and distinct once again.