O uso do ChatGPT para o desenvolvimento de capacidades, habilidades e satisfação em estudantes universitários na América Latina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-3652.2026.61647Palavras-chave:
ChatGPT, Inteligência Artificial Generativa, Ensino superior, Percepção de capacidades, SatisfaçãoResumo
A inteligência artificial generativa, como o ChatGPT, está transformando os ambientes de aprendizagem universitários; no entanto, há pouca evidência empírica sobre seu impacto na percepção de capacidades, no desenvolvimento de habilidades acadêmicas e na satisfação estudantil na América Latina, uma região caracterizada por desigualdades no acesso tecnológico, o que justifica a necessidade de pesquisas que analisem esses vínculos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo examinar como o uso do ChatGPT influencia essas variáveis em estudantes universitários do Equador, Colômbia, Chile e México, integrando o modelo de aceitação tecnológica como referencial conceitual. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa de corte transversal com modelagem de equações estruturais por meio do PLS-SEM, com a participação de 2357 estudantes que responderam a um questionário validado. Os resultados mostraram que o uso frequente do ChatGPT exerce um efeito positivo elevado sobre a percepção de capacidades e um impacto moderado no desenvolvimento de habilidades e na satisfação com a experiência tecnológica, enquanto a percepção de capacidades atuou como mediador-chave; todas as relações propostas foram estatisticamente significativas. Em suma, o ChatGPT consolida-se como um recurso pedagógico que potencializa competências cognitivas e a satisfação estudantil, embora se recomende promover seu uso crítico e reflexivo.
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