Relationship between oral mucosal lesions in the elderly and urban sociospatial exclusion in Piracicaba, Brazil
a new complementary diagnostic approach in public health dentistry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7308/aodontol/2016.52.2.02Keywords:
Dental care for aged, Spatial analysisAbstract
Aim: To analyze the spatial distribution pattern of cases of oral mucosa lesions (OML) according to the sociospatial exclusion of elderly residents in the urban area of Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Methods: This study consisted of a convenience non-probability sample with 1,848 elders evaluated in 30 Piracicaba neighborhoods. The methodology used in this research is based on the ecological study of spatial analyses of cases of OML evaluated during the campaign for the prevention and early diagnosis of oral cancer conducted in 2012. Social exclusion was measured by the Social Exclusion Index (SEI). This study analyzed the average annual prevalence and the intensity and significance of urban agglomerations according to social exclusion, using Moran’s Global Index and LISAMap.
Results: The prevalence of OML in the elderly in Piracicaba was 8.00%, whereas the annual average for OML reached 1.20 cases/neighborhood, given that the neighborhoods of Jardim Planalto (5.00) and Jardim Sao Francisco (9.00) registered the highest rates. Moran’s Global Index was -0.238, suggesting the existence of an inverse spatial correlation. Clustering was also observed in neighborhoods located in the Central, East, and West regions of the city.
Conclusion: In 2012, in the urban area of Piracicaba, a correlation was found between the sociospatial standard and the prevalence of OML, with the formation of clusters, which should be given priority by public policy efforts towards oral health for senior citizens.
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