Portamento y significado musical
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35699/2317-6377.2007.55126Palabras clave:
canto, portamento, glissando, deslizamiento, vibrato, significado musical, lenguaje maternalResumen
El portamento fue un procedimiento expresivo utilizado por los intérpretes durante al menos 200 años, pero en los últimos 60 años se ha convertido en una constricción en la clase musical. Más que un cambio de gusto, esto sugiere un tipo de respuesta formada a un nivel psicológico relativamente profundo. A partir de estudios en el área de psicología del desarrollo, desde la perspectiva de la interpretación de canciones de cuna eruditas, se sugiere que el portamento se conecta con respuestas emocionales innatas del sonido humano, así como a nuestros recuerdos más remotos de comunicación amorosa que nos proporcionaron seguridad, con el fin de conferir a la interpretación una sensación de confort, sinceridad y emoción profunda. El declive del portamento después de la Primera Guerra Mundial y su súbito desaparecimiento tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial se traza dentro de un nuevo énfasis—influenciado por la psicoanálisis y reflejado en la literatura sobre música—centrado en significados musicales más oscuros, que pueden entenderse a la luz de una reinterpretación de causas y comportamientos humanos forzados por la Segunda Guerra Mundial. El portamento, debido a su asociación (aunque inconsciente) con una verdad y un amor ingenuos, se volvió vergonzosamente inapropiado. Esta hipótesis también busca esclarecer los porqués de una mayor amplitud del vibrato después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, de la nueva objetividad y autenticidad en la interpretación de Bach, del ascenso del análisis musical, así como del estilo de interpretación y la literatura asociadas a la vanguardia.
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