A distributed architecture proposal for e-voting

João Marcos Soares; Rafael Oliveira Vasconcelos

doi:10.1590/1983-3652.2023.42204

Autores

João Marcos Soares Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Computação, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-3289
Rafael Oliveira Vasconcelos Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Computação, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7974-304X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-3652.2023.42204

Palavras-chave:

Eleição, Sistema de votação eletrônico, E-voting, Consenso, Sistemas distribuídos

Resumo

Processos de votação manual apresentam dois principais problemas: a confiabilidade do resultado e a demora na contagem dos votos. Para fraudar a eleição, isto é, alterar a quantidade de votos dos candidatos, um atacante pode substituir cédulas com votos para outros candidatos por cédulas com votos para o candidato a ser beneficiado. Nesse cenário, a segurança do processo eleitoral depende fortemente do controle de acesso físico empregado às urnas. Por outro lado, sistemas de votação eletrônico (e-voting) são conhecidos pela agilidade na contagem dos votos, bem como têm potencial para aumentar a segurança do processo eleitoral. Entretanto, ambas as soluções apresentam desafios em relação à transparência, segurança e sigilo do voto. Este trabalho apresenta os requisitos conceituais e tecnológicos para uma eleição eletrônica segura, propõe uma solução distribuída para votação eletrônica, apresenta suas limitações e algumas possibilidade de trabalho futuro. Por fim, são requeridos mais estudos para a implementação da solução, principalmente em relação ao sigilo do voto e incoercibilidade.

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